#include <iostream.h> // Access the runtime
main() { // Must be main, not MAIN, not Main
cout << "The volume of the box car is";
cout << 11 * 9 * 40;
cout << endl;
}
#include <iostream.h>
main() {
int result, height = 11, width = 9;
int length = 40;
result = height * width * length;
cout << "The volume of the box car is"
<< 11 * 9 * 40 << endl;
}
char character (1 byte)
short integer (2 bytes)
int integer (4 bytes)
long integer (4 bytes)
float floating-point number (4 bytes)
double floating-point number (8 bytes)
long double floating-point number (8 bytes)
char * strings (array of characters; array =
pointer)
void typeless
type [] An array (a pointer)
#include <iostream.h>
main() {
int height, width, length;
cout << Please type three integers." << endl;
cin >> height;
cin >> width;
cin >> length;
cout << "The volume of the box is" <<
height * width * length << endl;
}
Please type three integers. 11 9 40 <-- You type (spaces separate, return ends input) The volume of the box is 3960
#include <iostream.h>
#include <string.h>
class book {
public:
book(char *, char *, int);
void show_book(void);
private:
char title[64];
char author[64];
int pages;
};
class catalog_card : public book {
public:
catalog_card(char *, char *, int, char *, int);
void show_card(void);
private:
char catalog[64];
int checked_out; // 1 if checked out, otherwise 0
};
book::book(char *title, char *author, int pages)
{
strcpy(book::title,title);
strcpy(book::author,author);
book::pages = pages;
}
catalog_card::catalog_card(char *title, char *author, int pages, char * catalog, int checked_out) : book(title, author, pages)
{
strcpy(catalog_card::catalog, catalog);
catalog_card::checked_out = checked_out;
}
void book:show_book(void)
{
cout << "Title: " << title << endl;
cout << "Author: " << author << endl;
cout << "Pages: " << pages << endl;
}
void catalog_card::show_card(void)
{
show_book();
cout << "Catalog: " << catalog << endl;
if (checked_out)
cout << "Status: Checked out" << endl;
else
cout << "Status: Available" << endl;
}
void main(void)
{
catalog_card card("Tale of Two Cities","Dickens",1000,"Fiction Row 1",1); // Declaration
card.show_card();
}
C++ Smalltalk Class (But classes aren't objects) Class Object Object Class objects or Compound objects Instances Derived class (catalog_card) Subclass Base class (book) Superclass Member function (also, method) Method Overloading or Shadowing Overriding Member data Instance variable
public Anyone can access (data or function) through use of the dot (.) operator. private No one but the class can access - not even derived classes! protected Derived classes and the declaring class can access, but no one else.
class person_statistics {
public:
int month_of_birth;
int year_of_birth;
int married;
void initialize_ssn(char *); // function protoype
void show_dob(void) { // inline member function
cout << month_of_birth << "/" << year_of_birth << endl;
};
private:
char ssn[12];
int children;
};
void main(void)
{
person_statistics guzdial, ericson;
guzdial.month_of_birth = 9;
guzdial.year_of_birth = 62;
guzdial.married = 1;
guzdial.children = 1; // DEFECTIVE!!!
guzdial.show_dob();
}
class computer_screen {
public:
computer_screen(char *, long, int, int);
void show_screen(void);
private:
char type[32];
long colors;
int x_resolution;
int y_resolution;
};
class mother_board {
public:
mother_board(int, int, int);
void show_mother_board(void);
private:
int processor;
int speed;
int RAM;
};
class computer: public computer_screen, public mother_board
{
public:
computer(char *, int, float,
char*, long, int,
int, int, int, int);
void show_computer(void);
private:
char name[64];
int hard_disk; //size of
float floppy;
};
class box{
public: double height, width, length;
box() {}; //Default constructor
box (double h, double w, double l) //with arguments
{height = h; width = w; length =l;};
double volume ()
{return height * width * length;}
};
class box_car : public railroad_car, private box {
public: box_car() : box (10.5, 9.5, 40.0){}; // Default constructor
}
Public derivation Protected derivation Private derivation
Public member function remains public becomes protected becomes private
Protected member function remains protected remains protected becomes private
Private member function remains private remains private remains private
#include <iostream.h>
class railroad_car {
public:
void display_short_name() {cout << "rrc";}
};
class box_car: public raiload_car {
public:
void display_short_name() {cout << "box";}
};
//..Similar definitions of tank_car, engine, and caboose go here
//Define raiload car array
railroad_car *train[100];
main() {
int car_count, type_code, n;
for (car_count = 0; cin >> type_code; ++car_count)
if (type_code == 0) train[car_count] = new engine;
else if (type_code == 1) train[car_count] = new box_car;
else if (type_code == 2) train[car_count] = new tank_car;
else if (type_code == 3) train[car_count] = new caboose;
cout << "There are " << car_count
<< " cars in the array." << endl;
for (n=0; n < car_count; ++n) {
train[n] -> display_short_name();
cout << endl;
}
}
There are 5 cars in the array. rrc rrc rrc rrc rrc
#include <iostream.h>
class railroad_car {
public:
virtual void display_short_name() {cout << "rrc";}
};
class box_car: public raiload_car {
public:
virtual void display_short_name() {cout << "box";}
};
//..Similar definitions of tank_car, engine, and caboose go here
There are 5 cars in the array. eng box box tnk cab
#include <iostream.h>
class railroad_car {
public:
virtual void display_short_name() = 0
};
class box_car: public raiload_car {
public:
virtual void display_short_name() {cout << "box";}
};
//..Similar definitions of tank_car, engine, and caboose go here
#include <iostream.h>
int add_values(int a, int b)
{
return (a + b);
}
int add_values(int a, int b, int c)
{
return(a + b + c);
}
void main(void)
{cout << "200 + 801=" << add_values (200, 801) << endl;
cout << "100+201+700=" << add_values(100,201,700) << endl;
}
#include <iostream.h>
#include <string.h>
class string {
public:
string(char *); //Constructor
void operator +(char *);
void show_string(void);
private:
char data[256];
};
string::string(char *str)
{strcpy(data,str);}
void string::operator +(char *str)
{strcat(data,str);}
void string::show_string(void)
{cout << data << endl;}
void main(void)
{
string title("CS 2390");
string name("Modeling and Design");
title.show_string();
title + name;
title.show_string();
}
class array{
public:
array(int size);
long sum(void);
int average_value(void);
void show_array(void);
int add_value(int);
private:
int *data;
int size;
int index;
};
long array::sum(void)
{ long sum=0; int i;
for (i=0; i< index; i++)
sum = sum + data[i]; //sum += data[i];
return(sum);
}
template<class T, class T1>
class array{
public:
array(int size);
T1 sum(void);
T average_value(void);
void show_array(void);
int add_value(T);
private:
T *data;
int size;
int index;};
template<class T, class T1>
T1 array<T, T1>:sum(void)
{
T1 sum = 0; int i;
for (i = 0; i < index; i++)
sum += data[i];
return(sum);}
#include <iostream.h>
void show_string(char *string)
{
while (*string != `/0')
{
cout << *string;
string++;
}
}
void main(void)
{
show_string("Hello, World!");
}
while (*string)
{
cout << *string;
string++;
}
while (*string) cout << *string++;
void swap_values(float *a, float *b)
{
float temp;
temp = *a;
*a = *b;
*b = temp;
}
#include <iostream.h>
void swap_values(float& a, float& b)
{
float temp;
temp = a;
a = b;
b = temp;
}
void main(void)
{
float big = 10000.0;
float small = 0.00001;
float& big_alias = big;
float& small_alias = small;
swap_valus(big_alias,small_alias);
// swap_value(float& big, float& small);
cout << "Big:"<<big<<endl;
cout << "Small:"<<small<<endl;
}