Military History Resources

General Resources World & US History Resources (internal) Reader's Companion Database • US Wars • US Mil History Topics • American History Modern History Sourcebook (primary docs) Dictionaries of Military Science Military History Portal (WWW-VL) • Richard Jensen • Open Directory • Patchogue-Medford Library • Military History Online • Air War College • More • Canadian Forces C&S College (cached) • Mil History Encyclopedia on the Web (Rickard) • eHistory.com • Archive • Images & Maps • Articles on Military History & Tactics • Bibliotheca (UK) • Links • History of Warfare (KLMA) • About.com • Oxford Military History Companion • Arms and Influence (blog) • All World Wars (artices & photos) US Mil History Portal (WWW-VL) • America's Wars (History Central) • The Millitary & War in America (SHSU) • Air War College • Infoplease (C³) • Oxford US Military History Companion • America At War (timelines) Harmon Memorial Lectures (military history) General History Resources (internal link) Canadian Military History (portal) • Index • Canadian Military Heritage (e-book) Air War College Resources • General History • Military History • Lessons Learned • Military Theory • Air University Bibliographies Military History Encyclopedia • Index • Wars, Campaigns, Treaties • Battles • Weapons • Timeline Educypedia: History • Warfare • WW I • WW II • Post-WWII Mil Ops Summaries (Global Security) Army Cntr of Military History • Online Bookshelf (by era) • Military Research on the Internet Army C&GSC MMAS Theses US Campaigns & Streamers: Army • Navy • Air Force • Summary US Army Combined Arms Research Center American Military History (book) American Military History (cached) American Military History (chronological) Online American History (textbook) Wars & Conflicts of the US (cached) US War Statistics (casualties) • Detailed • US War Casualties: (DoD S- pdf) • VA • War Casualties (military medicine essay) US OB - 1918-2002 (cached) Military History Online Military History (CFCSC: topic, period, war) The War Times Journal (Great!) Military Affairs (journal) • Full Article (JSTOR: GT only) Military History About.com Battlefield Anomalies History Central: America's Wars History Central: World History eHistory • Online books The World at War (portal) Historical Articles (Wargamer-extensive) EyeWitness to History (Narratives) • Chronological Index Education World - History 20th Century Wars Links OnWar.com Naval, Aviation & Military History List of Battles • Naval Battles 15 Decisive Battles (per Creasy) • e-book (Creasy, 1851) • alt • doc Decisive Battles & Intellectual Fashion (Creasy revisited) in History (21 battles) Top 10 Battles in History Decisive Battles Leaders & Battles Database Weapons & Warfare (Probert Encyclopedia - battles) Order of Battle Portal • US OB's Total Wars in History (examples) Battlefield Staff Rides (NA & Europe) The Price of Freedom: Americans At War • Contents War in the 17th Century War in the 18th Century Wars of the 19th Century • 19th Century Armies (Calvert) • Timeline of 19th Century Warfare (cached) • 19th Century America (TeaherOz portal) Wars of the 20th Century The World At War (Current Wars) Additional Resources Scholars' Guide to the WWW USMA Department of History AWC Military History Links Combat Studies Institute Papers US Army C&GSC Papers Leavenworth Papers MERLN (Military Library Catalogs) National Archives Search (NAIL) National Archival Databases National Digital Library • Online Collections Military History (NPS resources) • More Historical Articles (Wargamer Mag) The Classics Archive Life Magazine Covers Universal Library (CMU) On-Line Books (UPenn) Artchive William Lind Archive Web Gallery of Art Air History Videos Imperial War Museum Photos • DB Photo Sources/Archives Historical Picture Collections Military Info/Pubs Links Military Images (NDU) GlobalSecurity: Military Operations Military History Web Ring Hub Military Book Reviews Spartacus Resources Library of Congress Oral Histories Veterans History Project Military History Reading List Mil History Readings (Army C&GSC) Paperless Archive (documents, fee) Alpelphi Papers (IISS) • doc Miscellaneous Topics Medal of Honor War Correspondents History of US Special Ops U.S. Veteran Statistics Women In War Evolution of the US Uniform What is Khaki? Glossaries Military Appreviations Military Jargon Jane's Glossary Operational Code Names	Online Books A Short History of War • Images Reader's Companion: Military History • Alt: NetLibrary • Reader's Companion Book Index (cached) • American History Database Index (cached) • Reader's Companion to US History (cached) Oxford Companion to Military History Oxford Companion to US Military History National Security Archive Briefing Books Project Gutenberg Catalog Military History of the Western World (Fuller) Questia (e-books) eHistory (e-books) Books-On-Line (by subject) • USAF Pubs • Civil War • Military Science • Infantry • Air Warfare • Naval Forces American History Texts (internal link) Bartleby E-books: (Nonfiction) • Reference • Encyclopedia of World History (2001) • Columbia Encyclopedia Makers of Modern Strategy (Google book) Encyclopedia of Marxism Historical Text Archive Joint Publocations Library (JCS) Jt Military Ops History (JCS, pdf) • Alt NDUbPress • Cached • McNair Papers • Strategic Forum (e-books) USAF Historical Publications • By Title • By Author Harmon Memorical Lectures Air University Press • e-books US Army CMH: Books Online • More • Collections • Catalog of Pubs • WW II • More • The Staff Ride American Military History, Vol I (CMH, 2005) • Vol. II, 1917-2003 American Military History (CMH, 1989) Naval History & Heritage Cmd Pubs Combined Arms Research Library • CARL Site Map • CARL Digital Library • Combat Studies Institute (CSI) Press • CSI Publications • Staff Rides Canadian Military Heritage (3 vols.) Online Books (U Penn) • Military History NetLibrary E-books • Access URL • US Military History, • Vol. 1 • Vol. 2 (20th c) • The French Wars, 1792-1815 • US Military Strategy (thru Civil War) • Civil War Firearms Europe In Retrospect (19th & 20th c, e-book) Books-On-Line (all subjects) History Books Online Project Gutenberg Globusz Publishing (history e-books) British War Bluebook History of Warfare (Keegan interview) USMC Doctrine Publications US Armed Forces Manuals e-Military Manuals (fee) The Art of War, Sun Tzu (text) On War, Clausewitz (text) • Alt Online Journals & Magazines E-Journals (Georgia Tech Library) History Magazines (links) Military Magazines (links) Military History Magazines (links) Military History Magazines (indexes) Air Univ Index to Military Periodicals Military Journals Joint Pubs Military-related Libraries Columbia Intrn'l Affairs Online (CIAO): Journals (GT only) Military Journal Links Military.com Strategic & International Affairs Journals (portal) AccessMyLibrary (magazine articles) Air Force Journal of Logistics • Alt Air Force Magazine Archives • Historical Studies • Perspectives (articles by topic) • Keeper File Archive • Airpower Classics Airman Magazine • Archives Air Power History (index: FindArticles) • More • Articles (AccessMyLibrary: greyeagle) AU Review (index) Air & Space Power Journal (index) • Chronicles Online Journal Air & Space Magazine (archive) • Photos & Video • Military Aviation All Hands (US Navy) America In WW II (homefront articles) America's Civil War • Archive American Diplomacy American Heritage Magazine • Articles on War • More Armed Forces Journal International Army magazine Army Aviation Digest Army History Army Logistician (archive) The Atlantic • Flashbacks • Archive (ProQuest) Aviation History Magazine Civil War Times • Archive Civil War History Magazine Coast Artillery Journal (1922-1948) Cultural Resource Management Magazine (NPS) Early American Review • Archive Field Artillery Magazine Flight Journal • Archive Foreign Affairs magazine Foreign Policy magazine • Archive • National Security blog Headquarters Gazette (Society for Military History) Historian Magazine (title index) Infantry Bugler (archive) Inter'l Journal of Naval History Joint Forces Quarterly (JFQ) Journal of Military History • Archive • JSTOR Archive • Expanded (GT only) Journal of Strategic Studies (issues list) Legion Magazine (Canadian military) Marine Corps Gazette Military Affairs (journal) • Full Article (JSTOR: GT only) • Journal of the Am Mil Institute (JSTOR) • Journal of the Am Mil History Fndtn (JSTOR) Military History Magazine • Archives MHQ (Military History Quarterly) • Archives Miliary Officer (archives) Military Review (C&GSC) • Archive • Detailed • Full Archive, 2003-2006 (FindArticles) • Articles (AccessMyLibrary: greyeagle) • All Combined Arms Ctr Pubs Mission: History (Naval Order of the US) National Defense Magazine Naval Aviation News • WW II articles Naval Institute Magazines • Proceedings • Archive • Naval History Magazine Naval War College Review (Autum 2000 - current) • Alt Navy Supply Corps Newsletter The New Republic (archives) Orbis: A Journal of World Affairs Parameters (Army War College) • Index Policy Review (Hoover Institute) Popular Science magazine (1870s-current) Prologue (National Archive magazine) Quartermaster Professional Bulletin • Archive Small Wars Journal Strategic Insights Magazine (Nav Postgrad Sch) Strategic Studies Institute (publications) Strategic Studies Quarterly (Air University) Studies in Intelligence (CIA) Undersea Warfare Magazine Vietnam Magazine • Archive War in History (journal) • Archive War Times Journal Portal The Washington Quarterly World War II Magazine • Archive • Issues H-Net (essays, reviews) • Reviews Books & Reviews Military Books Online Military History Book Catalog Military History Books (descriptions) Military Book Reviews Parameters Book Reviews	Map & Geography Resources Map Portal Animated History Maps • Revolutionary War • Civil War • WW II Europe • WW II Pacific University of Texas Map Collections • Historical Maps • Military History • Battlefields & Historic Sites (NPS) • Alt Old Maps Online • David Ramsey Collection Maps.com HRW World Atlas Online West Point Atlas • Reliable Alternative The World Factbook (CIA) World Statesman.org (geography, history, flags) Google Maps • Google Earth Centennia Online History Atlas Encyclopedia of World History (maps) US History Maps (Allyn&Bacon/Longman)** Mil History Maps (Library of Congress) Eurpean History Maps (Temple Univ - excellent!) Military History Maps Historic & Battle Maps (e-History) Historical Atlas of Europe Antique Maps Naval Postgraduate School Maps • Military Maps NOAA Historical Maps World Historical Atlas [WHKMLA] • Europe 1815-2002 • France • Prussia • Germany 1812-Today • Italy • Vietnam 1470-1975 • Indochina Historical Atlas, 20th Century Historic Maps - B&W Animated Battles NDU Map Resources US Naval History Maps (cached) Civil War Electronic Maps Battle Maps: WW I, WW II & Falklands WW II Map Resources • More • More Library of Congress Maps Online • WW II: Europe (USMA) • WW II: Asia/Pacific (USMA) Vietnam War Maps (1:50K) • USGS L7014 1:50K Map Index Graphic Additional Map Resources CIAO Atlas (outline maps) Historic Overhead Imagery (FAS) TerraServer (overhead imagery) Military Geography for the Professional • Alt Map Symbol System (FM 101-5-1, detailed) • Combat Arms Basic Map Symbols • Alt • Alt WW I Map Symbols Map Symbol Fonts (PC) • More • Equipment Fonts Timelines Timeline Portal (Timelines.com) Timelines (e-History) Themed Timelines (Wikipedia) • More List of Human Time Periods Conflict & War Timelines (interactive) • More Timeline of Major Wars in History Mil History Timeline (1800-2000 - OnWar.com) • National Military History: A-D • E-K • L-R • S-Z • France • Germany • Great Britain (UK) • USA Mil History Timeline (300 BC- 1999 AD) List of Wars (Wikipedia) • Pike & Shot Era (to 1801) • Age of Rifles (19th century) • World War Era (20th century) WarData.net Military History Timeline (Rickard) Chronology of Military Events US Military Timeline (interactive) Timelines of American Wars Early Gunpowder Weapons War Casualties Through the Ages Casualties in Major 20th C Conflicts Mortality in American Wars Dead & Wounded in US Wars • More (Congressional Research Service, pdf) Quotations & Maxims** GIGA Quotations Some Worthwhile Quotes The Quotations Page Wikiquotes Famous-Quote.net The Lessons of History • More American Rhetoric (speeches - audio) • Top 100 Speeches • By Decade Military Quotations • Menu • More • War Quotations • Artillery Quotations • USMC Quotations & Lore Quotations on Leadership Quotations on War (Wikiquotes) • Famous-Quote.net (gives source) • Giga-USA.com (by topic) • More • Some Worthwhile Quites • Pt. 2 • Bellum site • More (by author) • More • More • More • More • More • Antiwar.com • All the Best Quotes • War: Why bother? Words on War: Military Quotations (Google book) War & Peace Quotes • More • More Quotes on War, Violence & Power War: What is It Good For? (Barbara Ehrenreich) Military Maxima (bibliography) Pearls From War (humorous) • More • More • More Quotations About Marines Military Poems Quotations on History (Famous-Quote.net) • Giga-USA.com (by topic) • More • More • More • More Quotations by Historians Quotations on the Past Psychological Warfare Quotations Quotations on War, Peace & Politics Quotations on Military Logistics Quotations on War & Urban Ops Quotations on Technology Quotations of the Founding Fathers Jefferson on War & Peace • On Unavoidable Wars James Madison Quotations Lincoln on the real threat to America Maxims of Napoleon Military Maxims of Napoleon • Alt • Quotations Page • Military Quotes • Napoleon Guide • Wikipedia • Bellum Antoine de Saint-Exupery • More Clausewitz • More • More • More Quotations of Sun Tzu • More • More • On The Art of War • More Samurai Quotations Quotations From WW II Winston Churchill (Wikiquote) • More • More • More • More • The Churchill Centre • Quotes • Churchill's Major Sppeches (lifetime) • Churchill Myths • Churchill Resources (LOC) • Wartime Speeches • "Their Finest Hour" (18 Jun 1940) • "The Few" (20 Aug 1940) • The British Bulldog (e-book, bio) • pdf • Iron Curtain Speech (5 Mar 1946) • Alt • Text, Audio, Video • Short Clip Eisenhower Quotations (Wikiquote) MacArthur Quotations (Wikiquote) MacArthur's Farewell (Congress, April 19, 1951) MacArthur's Farewell ( West Point, 12 May 62) • Text Sir Edmund Burke Sir Basil Henry Liddel-Hart George Santayana Theodore Roosevelt George Patton • More Adolph Hitler Neocon Quotations Quotes & Thoughts on Airpower Engineering Quotes Murphy's Laws of War Historic Documents Documents of US History American Historical Documents, 1000=1904 (Bartleby) Military History Documents World History Archives Historical Monographs (Columbia) History Documents (Army War College) Law, History & Diplomacy (Avalon Project)
The Characteristics of War Definitions:• War • Alt • Total War • Strategy • Military Science vs. Military Art History of War (Wikipedia) Military History (Wikipedia) Nature of War (Oxford Companion, US Mil History) Nature of War (von Molke the Elder) Marine Corps Doctrine Publications Warfighting (USMC, 1989 - pdf) Warfighting (MCPD 1, 1997) • pdf • Alt • The Nature of War • The Theory of War Commentary on Warfighting (2005 - pdf) Concise Theory of Combat (Naval PGS) The Long-Range Analysis of War An Overview of Military Conflict Causes of War • Conditions Influencing Liklihood of War (JSTOR) Case Studies: War & Resources Military Strategy & the Outbreak of War (empherical) Legal Analysis of Changes in War The State and War (Libertarian view) War: Normal State or Exception? Declaration of War • More Issues on US War Delaration • History of US Declarations of War Just War Theory Western Way of War Foundations of the Science of War (JFC Fuler, e-book) • pdf War Quotes • More Naming the World Wars On the Use of Force (articles, AF Mag) The Need to Define Victory Military-Industrial Complex: What Ike Said Military-Industrial Complex Myth (AF Mag) • Commentary on Ike's Speech Myth of Preemptive War (1995) Effects Based Operations (AF Mag) Beware of Boldness (Crane, 2006) • Comment USAF CADRE Essays • Characteristics of War • Three Levels of War • War: An Instrumrnt of Policy • Principles of War Instruments of National Power Instruments of National Power Orchestrating the Instruments of Power • Instruments of National Power Diplomacy Foreign Relations of the United States (series) Information Information as Power (portal) Information/Ideology in War on Terror What is Propaganda? • More • History Propaganda in War (internal link) Miliary Military Power as Instrument of Policy in 21st C Comprehensive National Power (concept) • Calculation Economic Levels of War Levels of War (Oxford Comp to US Mil History) • FM 3-0 (w/ Levels of War diagram) • Strategic Level of War (definition) • Operational Level of War (definition) • Tactical Level of War (definition) Four Levels of War (The Air Campaign - Warden) Three Levels of War (USAF CADRE, pdf) Strategy & the Operational Level of War (pdf) • Part II (pdf) Operational Level of War (JSTOR) Diplomacy International Relations Encyclopedia of Am Foreign Policy • Alt • US Naval Diplomacy Foreign Policy Issue Papers (historic) US Treaties in Force Documents on Diplomacy (Avalon Project) Coalitions & Alliances in US History Timeline of US Diplomatic History (Dept of State) US Foreign Relations to 1913 (Google book) US Foreign Policy Since 1897 (Google book) US Approach to Foreign Affairs (Whitcomb - e-book) Monroe Doctrine (1823) Treaty of Kanagawa (Japan, 1854) • Background • More • More Politics of War US Code Title 50: War & National Defense Evolution of US Political Parties The Constitution Society • Constitutional Defense The American Presidency Project • State of the Union Messages • Wilson (December 5, 1916) • Wilson (December 4, 1917) • FDR (January 6, 1942) • Nixon on War in Vietnam (November 3, 1969) • Executive Orders Presidential Doctrines Presidential Timeline of the 20th Century Presidential Power to Go to War (Feb 07) US Presidential Speeches Foreign Policy Research Institute Articles Center for Strategic & International Studies (CISS) Top 10 Presidential Errors (2006) Editorial Cartoons in History • Lesson Plans • War in American Political Cartoons (pdf) CIA Briefings of Presidential Candidates Departmental Reorganization Act of 1918 War Powers Act of 1941 What Happened to Declarations of War? War Powers Resolution (1973) War Powers Resolution After Thrity Years Use of US Armed Forces Abroad (1798-2010) Principles of War Principles of War (Mil History Companion) Principles of War (CADRE, pdf) • Online lesson Air Univeristy Resources Principles of War (USAF CADRE - pdf) Principles of War (Clauseweitz) Principles of War (FM 3-0) • Alt Principles of War (Hackworth) Principles of War (AWC links) Nine Principles of War (list) Flexibility: 10th Principle • pdf History of Principles of War • Alt Flexibility as the 10th US Principle Principles of War (Clausewitz) Principles of War (Japanese) • pdf Strategic Principles of War, 21st C Info-based RMA & Principles of War	Total War Total War (Oxfiord Comp to Mil History, 2nd def) Total War (Wikipedia) Examples of Total War (149 BC - 1945 AD) Anticipating Total War: German & US Experience (e-book) • Excerpts (GoogleBooks) • Review (JSTOR) US Origins of Total War 1860-1880 (Janda, 1995) • Full Article (JSTOR: GT only) Total War in the US Civil War (internal link) The First Total War: Napoleonic Wars Total War in South vs. Frontier (Grimsley) On the Road to Total War: The American Civil War and German Wars of Unification (e-book) • Excerpts (GoogleBooks) • Was the Civil War a Total War? (Neely) • Alt Franco-Prussian War: Step Toward Total War "Total War I: The Great War" (Bourne) The Western Front and the Birth of Total War (BBC) Patterns of War Since the 18th Century (e-book) Power, Technology & Total War (French views) • Full Article (JSTOR: GT only) The Conduct of War, 1789-1961 (Fuller, e-book) • Review (JSTOR) • More • More • More • More The Age of Total War, 1860-1945 (GoogleBook) Great War, Total War ... 1914-1918 (e-book, German Hist Inst) A World at Total War ... 1937-1945 (e-book, German Hist Inst) Lethality & Casualty Trends • Weapon Lethality & Dispersion (graphic) Air Power and the Logic of Mass Destruction Strategic Bombing in WW II Low Intensity Conflict USMC Small Wars Portal • Definition & Small War List • Past Small Wars • History The Small Wars Manual (USMC, 1940) Why the Strong Lose (Parameter, 2005) Irregular War Insurgency • Counterinsurgency Small Wars Journal Counterinsurgency Case Studies (RAND) Fighting Insurgencies (Foreign Affairs, 2009) Is there a future for Counterinsurgency? (2007) US Interagency Counterinsurgency Initiative Guerrilla Warfare Origins of Guerrilla Doctrine (1982) US Army & Irregular Warfare (e-book) Counterinsurgency Ops (JP 3-24, Oct 09 - pdf) • Discussion (Dec 06) ; • More (w link to FM3-24) Urban Operations (JP 3-06, Nov 09 - pdf) Cultural Barriers to COIN (Jeffrey Record, 2006) Evolution of US Counterinsurgency Doctrine (Crane, 2006) • pdf Irregular Warfare Conference (Oct 06 - slides) The Long Small War: Indigenous Forces for Counterinsurency Counterinsurgency in Iraq: Lessons From Philippine War Counterinsurgency Warfare: Theory & Practice (Galula 1964: review) Learning Counterinsurgency: Observations From Iraq (Mil Review, 2006) Patterns of Insurgency & Counterinsurgency (Mil Review, 2005) Lsns From a Successful Counterinsurgency (Philippines, 1899-1902) Best Practices in Counterinsurgency (Mil Review, 2005) Principles, Imperatives & Paradoxes of COIN (Mil Review, 2006) Savage Wars of Peace (book review, 2003) Fighting a Global Counterinsurgency (Donnelly & Serchuk, 2003) Lessons from the Philippine War Managing Counterinsurgency; Lessons From Malaya (Mil Review, 2007) • Alt Phase IV Ops: Where Wars Are Won (Crane, 2005) Military Writings of Mao Tse-tung • On Protracted War • Alt • Strategy in Revolutionary War Guerrilla Tactics in Vietnam Civic Action: USMC Experience in Vietnam Why Great Powers Fight Small Wars So Badly Vietnam ('60s) vs. Afghanistan ('80s) (video) • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 Counterinsurgency Reader (Army Combined Arms Ctr-2006) • Counterinsurgency Reader II (2008) • Essential Readings Commander's COIN Guidance-Iraq (Patraeus-Fall 08-pdf) Lessons of History Why Study War (Hansen) Quotations: Lessons of History • More Some Lessons From History (Harold James, Princeton) • pdf Lessons of History (Wm Urban) The Lessons of History (Michael Howard, 1982) • Full Article (JSTOR: GT only) Why Don't We Learn From History? (B.H. Liddell Hart -e-book) • The Significance of Military History How Do We Learn From History? (AHA) History as a Way of Learning • Full Article (JSTOR: GT only) Foreign Policy Lessons From History Lessons of the Roman Empire for America British Experience in Iraq (1917) Lessons from the Thirties (JSTOR) D-Day and the Lessons of History Lessons of History for Invaders Defining the Lessons of History On History (Peter Landry) The Lessons of History (Durant & Durant) North Korea & The Lessons of History WW II Japanese Internment & Today's Secret Detention Edmund Burke on the Lessons of History Reflections on the Lessons of History The Four Lessons of History (Charles A. Beard) • Alt The Cultural Approach to the Hisotry of War • Full Article (JSTOR: GT only) Lessons Learned From War Civil War: Decline of the Decisive Battle • pdf Why the North Won the Civil War • More Lessons Learned By Europe (JSTOR) Lessons from the Philippine War • More Lessons of Russo-Japanese War Lessons of he Forgotten War (Haig on Korea) Lessons From History: Vietnam & Iraq Iraq War: Will We Learn From History? Lessons Learned: Modern Urban Combat (FM 3-06.11) Nothing Less Than Victory (Lewis, Google book) Profiles in Audacity: Great Decisions (Google book) American's Changing Self-Perceptions McNamara's 11 Lessons from Vietnam • Fog of War (Google videos download) Never Fight A Land War In Asia (Stratfor, Mar 11) • MacArthur • More • Viscount Bernard Montgomery • More • SecDef Robert Gates (Feb 2011) Army Center for Lessons Learned (report index)	American Way of War Constitution of the United Staets of America Lincoln on the real threat to America US Campaign Streamers Wars & Conflicts of the US Navy (list & batle sreamers) The American Military System (CMH) • The American Army, 1775-1917 The Duality of the American Military Tradition • Full Article (JSTOR: GT only) History of the National Guard American Way of War (Oxford Com to Mil History) Foundations of the American Army (CMH, 2005) • The Question of a Peacetime Army • Civilian Control • The Militia The Army and the Nation (FM 7-21.13) American Military Experience (Shy, 1971) America's Distinctive Way of War (WSJ, 2011) Early American Way of War (Higginbotham, 1987) Early American Ways of War 1600-1815 War Making on the Frontier (1607-1814) Washington & Tradition of Civilian Control • Newburgh Conspiracy (1783) Jefferson's Gunboat Navy Jefferson on the Need For a Navy Jefferson & Hamilton: Need for Standing Army Jefferson on a Standing Military Jefferson & US Maritime Defense Policy Establishment of US Military Academy (1802) Constitution Basis: Military & War Powers The Federalist Papers (complete texts) War Powers and the Supreme Court US National Guard (history & laws) What is a Standing Army? Quotations on Standing Armies • On Militia • 2nd Amendment & Standing Armies Militia and the Standing Army State Militias & the United States (AF Law Review) Milita, Standing Armies & 2nd Amendment Debate on a Standing Army (1798-1800) Militia Act of 1792 • Text • Alt Militia Act of 1903 (Dick Act) • United States National Guard Current Milita Legislation (Title 10 U.S.C. 311, 1956) • Alt For Standing Armies (Clausewitz On War, Ch. 5) • Adam Smith (Wealth of Nations, CH. 1) Against Standing Armies (Thomas Jefferson) • Jefferson's Call for Universal Service • James Madison quoations • More • Jacob G. Hornberger • Reason Magazine (review of book by Gart Hart, c. 1998) • More Reviews Madison: Raising An Army, 1812 (lesson plan) Origin & Meaning of Right to Bear Arms • Full Article (JSTOR: GT only) U.S. v. Miller (Text: intent of 2nd Amendment, 1939) • Discussion Commentary: Original Intent of 2nd Amendment • More Commentary • Historic Roots Commas in the Second Amendment • English Professor Anaylzes 2nd Amendment Quotations on 2nd Amendment • More The American Citizen-Soldier, 1775-1861 • Full Article (JSTOR: GT only) Citizen-Soldiers or Regulars: Views on Military Establishment 1775-1781 • Full Article (JSTOR: GT only) Reorganizing the Army (post-Spanish-American War) American Isolationism & Expansionism (JSTOR) • GT US Non-Intervention Eagle' Talons: American Experience at War (e-book) War & the Military in America (SHSU) • Links American Grand Strategy - American Foreign Policy (1996) New American Way of War (Jeff Record, 2002) American Way of War and Peace in Comparative Perspective (Wilson & Lyall) • pdf Top 100 Rules: New American Way of War • Alt American Way of War (Cebrowski & Barnett, Jan 03) Technological War: Reality & American Myth War at the Millennium (internal link) The Wars of America (syllabus, Rutgers) Airpower: American Way of War (Atlantic, Jun 02) New American Way of War (Foreign Affairs, 2003) American Way of War or Way of Battle? (2004) Toward An American Way of War (2004) • pdf Primer: Paradox of the American Way of War Paradox of "New American Way of War" (2004) Why America Fails to Win the Peace (2006, pdf) History of US War Powers (Mil Law Review, 93) What Happened to Declarations of War? Who Takes Us to War? (Krauthammer, Jun 11) The American Way of War Revisited (Linn, 2002) • Full Article (JSTOR: GT only) Trends in American Major War & Peace (1983) • Full Article (JSTOR: GT only) National Style in Strategy (Colin Gray) War is a Racket (e-book) • Smedley Butler • Background on book Eisenhower: Military-Industrial Complex Weinberger Doctrine (internal link) How American Regrads Its Warriors Why We Serve (Colin Powell, 6 Nov 11) American Way of War: Post-Cold War U.S. Flag Officers (numbers & rules) US Army Commanding Generals and CoSs
Strategy Military Theory & Grand Strategy (AU portal) Strategy (Oxford Companion to Mil History) • Oxford Companion to US Mil History Quotations on Strategy Definitions Quotations on Strategy • More Quotations from Books on Strategy • Strategy (B H Liddell Hart) Definitions of Strategy (corporate) 33 Strategies of War (Google book) Concepts of Strategy Strategy: Theory (RCMH) • Practice Makers of Modern Strategy (Paret, Google book) Teaching Strategy for 21st Century Grand Strategy (AU portal) • Council on Foreign Relations portal Past & Future US Grnd Strategy (Gaddis) Grand Strategy for America (book review) Grand Strategy vs. Military Strategy The Myth of Grand Strategy Why Strategy Is Difficult (Colin Gray) National Values => Mil Strategy Military Strategy (Wikipedia) • Definition • Oxford Comapnion US Mil History (fundamentals) Military Strategy: Historical Perspectives National Interest (definition) Military Power & National Interests National Interest and Strategy (2002) • Rebuttal (2003) Key Strategic Issues List (Army War College, 2011) Fabian Strategy (Wikipedia) Strategy & Policy Course (USMC CCE) Policy and War (case study, NWCs) Theory & Strategy Resources (AU) • Essays on Strategic Art Military History pre-20th Century Geopolitics, Geography & Strategy (Colin Gray) Land Strategy: Past, Present, Future • pdf Strategic Questions w/o Answers (pdf) • Summary (Find: Crowl) Toward a Theory of Strategy Process of Strategy Making (NWC) Environment of Strategy Making (NWC) Case Studies: Strategy & Theory (NWC) • American Revolution • f ic Era • WW I • WW II • Chinese Civil War & Korea • Vietnam • Gulf Wars • Terrorism: Strategies & Policy • Global War on Terrorism Weinberger Doctrine • Synopsis (AF Mag) • Speech: "The Uses of Military Power" (Nov 84) • Decision to Fight in Gulf War (AF Mag) • "The Use of Force" (application of Weinberger) Weinberger v. Weinberger-Powell (2004) • Alt Iraq: Return to Weinberger? (Jeff Record, 2007) Give War A Chance (political-military divergence) Mil Power in Pursuit of National Interests The World At War (FAS) Major Theater War (FAS) Military Strategy bibliography (lonked) US Military Strategy (ICAF) American Way of Victory USMC CCE Courses • Theory and Nature of War • Strategy & Policy • Operational Level of War • Ops Other Than War (case studies) Coercive Military Strategy (NetLibrrary,1998) Air Power As a Coercive Instrument (NetLibrary, 1999) Surprise Attack (Google book) • Strategic Military Surprise: Incentives Opportunities Preemptive & Preventive War Doctrine (C Gray) Geopolitics Geopolitics of the U.S. (Stratfor, Aug 11) • Pt 2 Geopolitical Country Profiles (Stratfor) Geopolitics, Nationalism & Dual Citizenship Geopolitics, Geography & Strategy (Colin Gray) Military Geography for the Professional • Alt • Alt • Choke Points Russia's Geographic Challenge (video) Strategy: Bridging Policy & Ops (2001) Operational Art Historical Perspectives of Op. 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   • Shotgun's Civil War Portal (Civil War Home)
      • Civil War Potpourri
   • e-history (Ohio State) • Articles
   • VectorSite
   • MilitaryHistory.About.com
   • Answers.com (Overview)
   • American Civil War Homepage (Hoemann)
   • Civil-War.ws
   • War Times Journal
   • Civil War Homepage (Civil-War.net)
   • Civil War Web • Papers & Articles
   • Civil War@Smithsonian
      • Weapons • Soldiering • Cavalries
   • Military History Online
   • Son of the South.net
   • CliffsNotes

US Civil War FAQ
• Short Summaries

Civil War Quotations

Civil War Narrative Bibliography (NPS)

Civil War Documents & Books Portal (cached)

Civil War Resources Mark Grimsley, OSU

Civil War Historical Documents

Confederate Military History

Essays on the Civil War

Secession (Southern View) • More

The Gathering Tempest (1854-60)

Both Sides Claimed George Washington

Causes of the Civil War (Richard Jensen)
   • James F. Epperson
   • William L. Barney, US Mil History Companion
   • Dummies.com
   • Documents • Consequences
   • Civil War History.com (Southern View)
   • MililtaryHistory.About.com
   • Univ. of Pittsburg (Political & Social Origins)
   • Montgomery College (Craig Livingston)
   • Wikipedia

THe "Needless War" Doctrine
• Full Article (JSTOR: GT only)

Cornerstone Speech (Alexander H. Stephens)
• Analysis (Wikipedia)
• Contemporary News Account (Wikisource)

Causes & Consequences (1864, e-book)
• Alt

Causes of the Civil War (The Four Traditions)

How Slavery Ended in America

Comparison Between N & S • More
• Economies of North & South
• US Population 1860 (by state, free & slave)

Home Front Balance Sheet (1861, Richard Jensen)

America on the Eve of the Civil War (PBS)

Why the War Came

First Shots? (Before Sumter, Jan 1861)

Fort Sumter, SC (3rd System fort)
• Fort Sumter National Monument (NPS e-booklet)

Crisis at Fort Sumter • Background

Road to Fort Sumter

Civil War Timeline (linked)
   • Civil-War.net (very detailed)
   • Civil War Homepage (day-by-day, linked)
   • Library of Congress
   • Key Events of Civil War (Feldmeth)
   • Spartacus
   • History Place
   • US History (East, West - linked)
   • Department of the Interior
   • American-At-War.net
   • American Civil War.com

Political Party Timeline (1836-1864)
• Shifting Political Landscape (maps)

Images of the Civil War (internal link)

New York Times, 1860-66

Harper's Weekly, 1861-65
• Background • Cartoons

Newspaper Opinions

Campaign & Battle Maps (USMA)
   • Civil War Campaign Maps (PBS)
   • Univ of San Diego
   • Library of Congress
   • American Civil War.com    • Civil War Maps (archived)
   • Civil War Maps By State
   • Civil War Maps & Charts (period) • More • More

Army Ctr for Military History

Official Records, War of the Rebellion

Official Records of Both Armies (on-line)

McLean - Present at Beginning & End

Picketline (analytical essays)

Quotations on the Civil War

Civil War Terminology • More
• Pictionary

Naming the War • Names • Discussion

Naming Civil War Battles

British Officer's View of Confederacy

Abraham Lincoln Online

Lincoln's Extension of Exec Powers

Lincoln As Commander-In-Chief

Quotes by Abraham Lincoln • More

Lincoln Meets Confederates (Feb 1865)

Eyewitness to the Civil War (narratives)

Emancipation: Military Necessity? (Grimsley)

Emancipation Proclaimation (text)

The Civil War and International Diplomacy (DoS)
   • Preventing Recognition of the CSA
   • Trent Affair - Tension With Britain
   • The Alabama Claims

Diplomacy of the Civil War
• US Mil History Companion (pp. 134-38)
• US History.com

The American Question Abroad (CivilWarHome)

Cotton Diplomacy (Livingston) • Overview

Civil War Turining Points: European View
• Full Article (JSTOR: GT only)

US-Russian Treaty

Great Britain and the American Civil War (e-book)

British Sympathies in Civil War (JSTOR, 1967)

Slavery As A Diplomatic Issue (JSTOR, 1945)

Confederate Diplomacy (JSTOR, 1966)

Military & Diplomatic Course of the War

Strategic Overview (Grimsley)
• Synopsis
• Overview of Civil War Strategies (map)

Civil War Strategy & Tactics
   • Civil War Home
   • More (RCMH - cashed)
   • Middle Tennessee State U (summary)
   • Millitary Art in the Civil War
   • Northern Strategy • Southern Strategy
   • Command & Strategy (book review)

Mobility & Strategy in the Civil War
• Full Article (JSTOR - GT only)

Clausewitz, Jomini & the US Civil War
• Full Article (JSTOR - GT only)

Union Strategy (map - PBS) • More

Developing The Union Strategy (eHistory)

North/South Strengths/Weaknesses

North-South Balance Sheet

Development of Union Strategy

Union Grand Strategy (lesson plan)

First Civil War Strategy (Anacoda Plan)

Simultaneous Attack Strategy (1864)

Attrition Strategy

Confederate Vision & Strategy

Southern Strategy

Confederate Tide Rising (Strategy, 1861-62)

Taken at the Flood (Confed Strategy, 1862)

Strategy of the Civil War Leaders

Impact of Napolean on S & T

Why Lee Invaded Maryland (1862)

Strategy for Gettysburg Campaign

Gettysburg's Decisive Battle (Mil Review, 2004)

Developing Campaigns: Op Art in the Civil War

Operational Level of the War

Origins of Modern Warfare: Ideas, Organization (review)
   • Full Article (JSTOR: GT only)
   • More • Full Article (JSTOR: GT only)
   • More • Full Article (JSTOR: GT only)

U.S. Grant and Operations

Interior Lines of Communication • More

Operational Art in the Civil War

Why a War of Attrition

The Operations of War (1869, e-book)

Organization of the Armies • More • More
• Army CMH • More • More • More
• More • More • More • More

Command & Control in Civil War

A Prussian Observes the American Civil War (e-book)
• Overview
• Lessons Learned

Evolution of Civil War Tactics (staff ride)

US Army, 1846-1861 (Grimsley)

US Regulars Archive (tactics portal)
   • Casey's Infantry Tactics (1862; e-book)
   • History of US Infantry Tactics (1855-65)
   • Instruction for Field Artillery (1861; e-book)
   • Cooke's Cavalry Tactics (1862; e-book)
   • On the Tactical Use of Three Arms (1865)

Civil War Tactics (outline)

Civil War Tactics (Morffew)

Civil War Tactics (VaCCS)

Evolution of CW Tactics (Jomini impact)

Impact of Weapons on Tactics (Jensen)
• Video

Infantry Tactics (US Army, 1861)

Influence of Napoleon on Civil War Tactics

West Point's Impact on Tactic (Livingston)

Civil War Infantry Tactics (WTJ)

CW Infantry Assault Tactics (JSTOR)

Innovations in Infantry Tactics 1850-1865

Military Art [tactics] in CW

Rifled Musket Tactics

Infactry Organization & Tactics • More

Sharpshooters • Sharpshooter Uniforms

US Army Cavalry Tactics (1862)

Civil War Cavalry (NPS)

Cavalry Tactics: Civil War & Europe
• More

Evolution of the Field Artillery Battery (pdf)

Artillery Deployment at First Bull Run (pdf) • Alt

Civil War Artillerists
   • Henry Jackson Hunt, USA
   • Edward Porter Alexander, CSA
   • Stephen D. Lee, CSA
   • John Pelham, CSA

Union Deception

Industrial Revolution & Warfare
• Evolution of Modern Warfare
• Impact & Major Trends

Technology & the Am Civil War (Mil Review, 2004)

The First Modern War

Civil War & Industrial Revolution

Civil War Technology (Tennessee)

CW Technology - Old, New, Expmtl

Civil War Tech: What Was In & Out

Military Developments in the War

Weapons & Ships (photos)

Civil War Weapons (outline) • Clipart
   • Shotgun's Home of the American Civil War
   • Weapons of the Civil War (Paine)
   • Smithsonian Institution

Grenades in the Civil War

Civil War Era Firearms • More
   • Civil War Firearms (e-book, NetLibrary)
   • Civil War Small Arms (Anglefire)
   • Small Arms (National Park Service)

Rifles vs. Smoothbores (use of buck & ball)

Rifled Muskets (loading instructions)

Spencer Rifle

Rapid-Fire Guns of the American Civil War

Gatling Gun (internal link) • In Civil War

Civil War Artillery (NPS)

Introduction to Civil War Artillery (ehistory)

Civil War Artillery (technical) (IE)

Civil War Artillery Portal (Univ SDakota)

Civil War Artillery Characteristics

Civil War Artillery Page

Encyclopedia of Civil War Artillery

Summary of Heavy Artillery

Artillery Pieces of Civil War

Civil War Artillery
   • Basics & Terminology • Ammunition
   • 12-pound Field Guns (including Napoleons)
   • Rodmans & Confederate Columbiads
      • More    • More
      • Rodmans at Fort McHenry, 1840-1865
   • Brooke Rifles & Smoothbores
   • Dahlgren Rifles & Guns
   • Parrott Rifles • More • Projectiles
   • Civil War Forts & Batteries
   • Siege Artillery

Civil War Artillery (models) • More

Civil War Naval Ordnance (history)

Federal & Confedrate Arms Manufacturers

Civil War Arms & Equipmt (Nat Archieves) • Pt 2

West Point Foundry • pdf

Tredegar Iron Works • More

Gun Inventors
   • Thomas Rodman • Alt • Alt
   • Admiral John A. B. Dahlgren • More
   • Robert P. Parrott • Obituray

Signal Corps in Civil War
• Signal Flags

Beardslee Telegraph Machine

Military Telegraph Service • More • Portal

Code-Breaking in the Civil War

Balloons in the Civil War • More
   • T. S. C. Lowe Narrative
   • Balloon over Yorktown
   • Proposal: Balloons for Bombing (cached)

Civil War Photographs
• HistoryNet.com • Soldiers • Destruction
• Library of Congress • More

Mathew Brady & Impact of Photography
• Brady's Photo Gallery (Smithsonian)
• Brady's Photos of Antietam Dead

Battlefield War Council (Timothy O'Sullivan)

Civil War Art (Don Troiani) • Battle Scenes

Civil War Times Archives

Civil War History Archives

America's Civil War Archives

Civil War Photographs (NARA)

Civil War Talk Web Rings

Bloody Crucible of Courage
(book review, evolution of tactics)

American Civil War - Land

American Military History 1861 (CMH, 2005)
• 1862 • 1863 • 1864-5

War of the Rebellion (official reports) • eHistory
   • Occompaning Atlas
   • Costliest Battles • Casualty Figures
   • Full document

Organization of the Armies • More • More
   • Union Army Generic Organization (graphic)
   • Army CMH • More • More • More • More
   • More • More

Campaign & Battle Maps (USMA)
   • Jespersen's Wikipedia Civil War Maps
   • American Civil War.com
   • Battle Maps • More (PBS)
   • Map: Union Control 1861-65 (CMH)
   • Map: Areas of Operation (CMH)
      • Eastern Theater (CMH)     • Basic Map (USMA)
   • Civil War Electronic Maps
   • Civil War Battlefield Virtual Tours
   • Battlefield Panaramic Photos

Civil War Overview (campaign thumbnails)
   • List of Battles (Wikipedia)
   • Encyclopedia Britannica
   • Civil War at a Glance
      • Major Campaigns of the War (USMA map)
      • Eastern Theater • Western Theater
      • Union Strategy in West (w/ map)
   • Civil War Prelude (animated map, ppt)
   • Civil War Overview (animated map, ppt)
   • War in the East, 1862 (animated map, ppt)
   • Battles & Leaders (1887)
   • Battlefields (NPS)
   • Battle Guide (RCMH)
   • Major Battles
      • By State • More • More
   • Civil War Unit DB
   • Battle Stastics and Thumbnails

Virginia in the Civil War
• Battles in Virginia
• Map of Battles in Virginia (1892, detailed 2.9 MB)

History of the Army of the Potomac

Staff Rides

Washington Defenses (NPS, e-book)
• Interactive Map (NPS)

Manassas to Appomatox (Longstreet)

Battlefield Links (NPS) • More

Campaigns & Battles • Major Battles

Battles by Campaign (NPS)

Battle Summaries (NPS)

Battlefields in the Southeast

War in the Western Theater (e-book)

Virtual Battlefield Tours

First Blood (Baltimore, April 19, 1861)
• Federal Hill in Civil War

Manassas Campaigns (NPS)
• Campaign Battles (map, pdf)

Manassas/Bull Run (1861 & 1862, NPS)
   • First Manassas (NPS Lesson) • More
   • First Bull Run Staff Guide
   • First Manassas Map (USMA) • CMH • More
   • First Manassas (Charlie Gower)

Artillery at 1st Bull Run

War Watchers at Bull Run • Alt

Ball's Bluff (Oct 1861)

Confederate Heartland Offensive (Ky, Tn)

Battle of Shilo (Apr 1862)
• Map (CMH) • Period Map (excellent detail)

Second Manassas (Aug 1862)

Shenandoah Valley Battles
• Importance • Strategy • Campaigns
• Campaign Battles (map, pdf)

Peninsular Campaign (Sum 1862, NPS)
   • Wikipedia • Campaign Map
   • Campaign Battles (map, CMH) • Va. State map
   • Union Naval Attack on Drewery's Bluff (May 1862)
   • Union Naval Support at Malvern Hill (July 1862)

Peninsular Campaign (portal)

Why Lee Invaded Maryland (1862)
   • Lee Moves North
   • Maps: Maryland Campaign (day-by-day)
   • Map: Maryland Campaign (tourist, pdf)

Antietam (Sept 1862, portal) • Thumbnail
   • Campaign (Union view) • Confederate view
   • Antietam On the Web
   • Detailed Battle Maps
   • Period Map (Willcox; excellent detail)
   • Antietam Timeline
   • Antietam (animated map, ppt)
   • Antietam Stafff Ride Guide
   • National Park Service Portal • Park Map (pdf)
   • Military History Online

Lee's Lost Order No. 191 • More

Capture of Harper's Ferry (Sept 1862) • Map

Brady's Photos of Antietam Dead

Fredericksburg (Dec 1862) • Details
• Map (CMH)
• Period Map (detailed but rustic)

Fredericksburg: Gettysburg for Other Side

Stones River (Dec '62-Jan '63)
• Map (CMH) • Maps (NPS)
• Stones River/Murfreesboro (NPS Lesson)

Chancellorsville (May 1-3, 1863)
• Map (CMH) • More (NPS)
• The Campaign of Chancellorsville (text file)

Gettysburg Campaign (NPS) • Map
   • Situation, June 1, 1863 (USMA map)
   • Engagements (1 Jun-26 Jul 1863)
      • Map (19-24 Jun) • Map (25-28 Jun)
   • Campaign Battles in Maryland (map, pdf)

Strategy for Gettysburg Campaign

Gettysburg (Jul 1-3, 1863, NPS)
   • More • More • More
   • Gettysburg National Military Park Guide (NPS)
   • Multimedia Description of Battle
   • Orders of Battle: • USA • CSA
   • Prelude to Battle (strategy) • More
   • Day 1 • More Detail • Map (pdf)
   • Day 2 • More Detail • Map (pdf)
   • Day 3 • More Detail • Map (pdf)
   • Gettysburg: Third Day
   • Night Battle For Cemetery Hill
   • Battle for Little Round Top
   • Little Round Top After Action • pdf
   • Pickett's Charge (Jul 3, 1863)
   • Picket's Charge: Lee's Mistake of All Mistakes
   • Picket's Charge (Cyclorama)

Gettysburg Maps (USMA) • Day 2 • Day 3
   • Echos of Gettysburg: Day 1 • Day 2 • Day 3
   • Retreat from Gettysburg (Jul 4-13)
   • Maps: All three days (good detail) • Summary map
   • CMH • Three-day Overview (B&W)
   • Battle Timeline & Maps
   • Maps of Individual Actions
   • Battlefield 1:50K Map (1904)
   • Large Period Maps
   • Period Map (Willcox; detailed)
   • Period Map (LOC-Ditterline; detailed)
   • Period Map - Day 2 (highly detailed)
   • Gettysburg Battlefield (game quality, png)
   • Battlefield Panarama (Pennsylvania RR)
   • Newspaper Reports of the Battle
   • Animated Map: Day 1 • Day 2 • Day 3

Gettysburg: Discussion & links
   • Gettysburg's Decisive Battle (Mil Review, 2004)
   • Gettysburg: Narrative & Maps
   • MilHistory Online
   • Gettysburg (description & multimedia)

1st Minn Volunteers (highest casualties)

Aftermath of Gettysburg

Generals at Gettysburg • More
• A Study in Command (book review)

Lee at Gettysburg (critique of his decisions)

Gettysburg: Official Histories

Comparing Gettysburg & Borodino • pdf

Gettysburg Monuments (photos)

Vicksburg Campaign (Dec 1862-Jul 1863) • pdf
• Map (American Civil War) • Map (CMH)

Failed Attack on Vicksburg (May 1863)

Valley Campaigns of 1864

Chickamauga (Sep 1863)
   • Chickamauga Prelude • Battle
   • Map (period, color) • Map (1863) • Map (1895)
   • Staff Ride Handbook

Chattanooga Campaign (Sep-Nov 1863)
• More • Map (CMH)

Army of the Cumberland (Battle Reports)
• Atlanta • Chickamauga

Civil War in North Georgia

Fort Wagner and the 54th Massachusetts

The Atlanta Campaign

Sherman, Atlanta & The Sinews of War

Georgia Battle Map • Map (CMH)

The Atlanta Campaign • Maps
   • Atlanta Campaign Chronology
   • Kennesaw Mountain
   • The Battles for Atlanta
      • Battle of Peachtree Creek
         • Peachtree Creek Digital Map
      • Battle of Atlanta • Map
      • Maps: Troop Movements, Atlanta Campaign
      • Map: Atlanta Defenses (color) • Another
      • Battle of Atlanta
      • Eyewitness to Battle of Atlanta
      • Map:Federal Defenses After Fall of Atlanta

Sherman: Ltr to Atlanta Mayor • Alt

Sherman Takes Atlanta (Jensen)

Why was Atlanta an Important Target?

Visiting Battle of Atlanta Today
• Guide to Battle of Atlanta Landmarks (AJC)
• Atlanta Campaign Tour Guide (book)

After Atlanta

Sherman's March to the Sea (Rhodes, 1901)
• Full Article (JSTOR: GT only)

March to the Sea (NGeorgia.com)
   • Wikipedia
   • March to the Sea (thumbnail)
   • University of Georgia (documents, narratives)
      • Campaign Map
   • Son of the South.net
   • eHistory
   • Grant's Guidance to Sherman

Andersonville (NPS)

• Sherman's Inabililty to Liberate
Sherman's March Through NC
• Campaign Battles (map, pdf)

Sherman's March & Law of War
• Notes

Battle for Charleston (POWs as shields)

Last Confederate Shot At Washington (Jul 1864)
• Battle of Monocacy (Jul 1864)

Overland Campaign (4 May - 15 Jun 1864) • Map
• Staff Ride Handbook (pdf)

Wilderness & Spotsylvania CH
• Wilderness, May 5-7, 1864
• Spotsylvania Court House, May 7-19, 1864

Cold Harbor (May-June 1864) • More

Wilderness to Petersburg • Map (CMH) • Map
• Campaign Battles (map, pdf)

St. Albans VT Raid (Oct 1864) • Detail • More

Richmond Campaign (1864-65, NPS)

Petersburg (1864-65, NPS)
   • Battles • Sequential Maps • Quiz
   • Final Assault at Petersburg
   • Attack on Fort Stedman
   • Railroad Gun (photo)
   • Petersburg Map (large file)
   • Siege of Petersburg & Impact on Citizens

Richmond (NPS)
• Evacuation of Richmond (eyewitness)

Retreat to Appomattox (map, pdf)

Lee's Surrender

Johnston's Surrender to Sherman in North Carolina

The Last Battle (Texas, May 1865)

Fortifications in the War

Lieber's Code (ROE, April 1863)

Digest of Military & Naval Laws (CSA, 1864)

The Civil War Armies (portal)

The Civil War Soldier (NPS) • More • More

"Citizen Soldiers: Why They Fought" (NPS)

What Motivated Soldiers to Fight

The Confederate Infantry Private

Civil War Camp Life • More

Soldier Life • More • More (statistics)

Soldier Life - Road to Atlanta

Civil War Casualty Figures (detailed)
• Regimental Losses

Feeding the Soldier

Food & Rations in the Civil War

Hardtack Specification

Soldier Training & Equipment

Equipment of a Cvil War Infantryman

Civil War Medicine • More • More

Statistics • More

Problems of Returning Soldiers

Civil War Soldiers' Experience (Lesson Plan)

Military Leadership of the North & South

Memoirs: Grant, Sherman & Sheridan

Memoirs (U.S. Grant, e-book)
• Alternate (searchable) • Excerpts

U. S. Grant: Triumph Over Adversity (bio, e-book)

The Generalship of Ulysses S. Grant (Fuller, GoogleBook)

Memoirs (W. T. Sherman, Guenberg)
• Vol I, Pt. 2 • Vol II, Pt. 3 • Vol II, Pt. 4

Memoirs (W. T. Sherman, e-book) • Alt
• Excerpts: Shilo to Memphis

Sherman's Last Speech (31 Jan 1891)

Sherman: Bio & Links • Quotations

Sherman in Europe (1872)

Sherman and the "Indirect Approach"
• Full Article (JSTOR: GT only)

Admiral Farragut by Alfred Thayer Mahan

Personal Memoir of P. H. Sheridan • Alt

Letters of Gen. Geo. Pickett, CSA

The South's Feuding Generals

Personal narratiave, VMI cadet

Lessons Learned

Decline of the Decisive Battle • pdf

Why the North Won the Civil War • More

Why the North Won and the South Lost

Lessons Learned By Europe (JSTOR)

Lessons From A Prussian Observes (e-book excerpt)

After the War: A Southern Tour (e-book)

Civil War - Total War

American Origins of Total War, 1860-1880 (JSTOR)
• Full Article (JSTOR: GT only)

Total War (Wikipedia)

The South at War 1861-65 (Grimsley)

The Road to Total War (Grimsley)

1864-65: Total War (Grimsley: book excerpt)

The Hard Hand of War (Grimsley, GoogleBook)
• Review (Janda; JSTOR: GT only)
• Review (Howey) • Review (Feltman)

Lincoln, Pope and the Origins of Total War
• Full Article (JSTOR: GT only)

Sherman and Total War
• Full Article (JSTOR: GT only)

Sherman's March & Law of War
• Notes

Lieber's Code (ROE, April 1863)

Total War in South vs. Frontier (Grimsley)

Mobilizing for Total War (Jensen)

British Lessons from US Civil War

American Civil War - Sea

Civil War At Sea • Intro • Overview
   • Dakota State University (portal)
   • US Naval Historical Center
      • Chronology of War at Sea (NHC) • Alt
   • Detailed Chronology
   • Civil War@Smithsonian
   • Short History of War at Sea
   • The Naval War (Grimsley -- scoll down)
   • War at Sea (annoying audio)
   • Civil War Naval Bibliography

Naval Strategy of the Civil War
• Full Article (JSTOR: GT only)

Official Naval Records (both sides)

Blockading the South
   • Anaconda Plan • More
      • NY Times commentary (June 1863)
   • Union Blockade, 1861-1865 (essay, pdf)
   • Union Blockade (Wikipedia)
   • Overview (Grimsley) • More (Jensen) • More
   • Proclamation of Blockade • Legal Ramifications
   • Initiating the Blockade • More
   • Blockade Organization • Blockade Ops
   • Blockade Strategy Board Reports
   • Blockade & Diplomacy (Jensen)
   • Naval Operations, SE US, 1861-62 (map, USMA)

Legal Issues of the Blockade (JSTOR)
• History of the Law of Blockade (JSTOR, 1916)

Naval Superiority & Economics of the War (JSTOR)

Cotton Smuggling Through the Blockade (JSTOR)

Blockade Runners Through Bermuda

Fort Fisher NC & The Blockade

Ironclads & Blockade Runners
• Disposition of Ships

Union Navy During Civil War

Life on a Union Warship • More

Civil War Naval War Portal

Confederate Navy 1861-65
• Confederate Navy Ships (photos)

Confederate Naval Strategy (privateers)

Confederate Naval Buildup

Confederate Naval Buildup: Too Little, Too Late

Confederate Navy Research Center

Ships of the Union & Confederate Navies

Index of Civil War Naval Ships

Civil War Ship Types

USS Constellation • History • Restoration

USS Constitution during Civil War

Weapons & Ships of Civil War

Mine Warfare in the Civil War

Battle of Hampton Roads
   • Naval Historical Center
      • Documents of Battle
   • First Clash of Iron-Clads (eHistory)
   • AmericanCivilWar.com (w/ artwork)
   • National Park Service
   • Ironclads.com
   • Dispatches from Hampton Roads
   • CSSVirginia.org (Crewmember Accounts)
   • Sam Houston State University
   • Inside CSS VIrginia (The Century, March 1885)
   • Notes from the surgeon of the Virginia (eHistory)
   • Confederate View From the Shore
   • LT John Worden (Harper's, Mar 1862)
   • Inside Monitor Turret (LT Greene, exec)
   • How the Cumberland Went Down
   • After the Battle
   • Hampton Roads: Most Decisive Draw
   • Dummies.com
   • Map of Battle (ship locations) • Another
   • Image of Battle (south from Ft. Monore: ship locations)
   • Map of Hampton Roads • Norfolk
   • Image Essay • More Images

USS Monitor • More • More (NHC)
   • History & Restoration (video)
   • Virtual tour of Monitor
   • Background (Gideon Welles, SECVNAV)
   • More • More • Negotiations
   • Building Monitor (Ericsson) • More
   • USS Monitor - plans (1862)
   • Turret Detail • Turret Mechanisim
   • Virtual Tour of Turret
   • Later Actions • Drewery's Bluff • Malvern Hill
   • Loss of Monitor • Eyewitness Account
   • Monitor Photos (July 1862) • Images (NHC)
   • Monitor Digital Restoration
   • Battle, Loss & Recovery • Turret Recovery
   • Documenting USS Monitor
   • Monitor Artifacts

War, Technology & Experience Aboard Monitor (Google Book)

CSS Virginia • Images
• Background • History (NHC)
• Later Actions • End of Virginia

Planning & Construction of "Merrimac" (eHistory)

CSS Virginia Development & Tehcnology

Building Virginia (w/ Freeman painting)

Virginia's Second Sortie (April 11, 1862)

Ironclads (portal)

Ironclad Technology • More
• Euopean Ironclads (Harper's, Feb 1861)

Ironclads of the Civil War • International Overview

Union Ironclads • Monitors
   • Period Illustrations (Harper's Weekly)
   • USS Monitor (internal link)
   • USS Galena • More (Civil War Times, Feb 08)
   • Harper's Weekly, April 5, 1862
   • USS New Ironsides • Harper's Weekly, 6 Sep 1862
   • USS Keokuk • More

Confederate Ironclads

CSS/USS Atlanta

Confederate Ram Albermarle

CSS Neuse

Ironclad Digital Art • More (cached)

Laird Rams

The Man Who Stopped the Laird Rams

Confederate Cruisers • More

Raider CSS Georgia

CSS Florida (e-book, NetLibrary)

CSS Shenandoah: Last of the Rebal Raiders

CSS Alabama (portal)
   • Voyage of the Alabama (1862-64)
   • Interactive map
   • CSS Alabama History (NHC)
   • CSS Alabama (RCMH)
   • CSS Alabama & Laird Shipyard • More
     • Laird Contract • Detail
   • Construction • Escape from Liverpool
   • Career of Alabama • Interactive map
   • CSS Alabama Images • More • More
   • Only known photgraph • Model
   • Cruise of the Alabama (Harper's)
• CSS Alabama Association

USS Kearsarge History • More
• USS Kearsarge photo

Alabama & Kearsarge (e-book, NetLibrary)
• Questia (fee)
• Review • pdf • Another • Another

Kearsarge v. Alabama (19 June 1864)
   • Details of Ships, Battle • Images
   • Detailed Description (official reports)
   • Captains' After-Action Reports
   • Documents on Kearsarge vs. Alabama

The End of the Alabama

The Alabama Claims • More

Shenandoah Claims

Charleston Harbor (Apr 1863)
   • Details • More • More
   • Ericsson Raft (torpedo deflector)
   • CSS Chicora • CSS Palmetto State
   • Charleston (Harper's image, 1861)

Battle of Mobile Bay (Aug 1864) • More • More
   • Graphc Depiction of Battle
   • Map of Battle • Another • Painting
   • CSS Tennessee at Mobile Bay
   • Tennessee vs. Hartford, Mobile Bay (Aug 6, 1864)

David Glosgow Farragut
• USS Hartford (model)

Farragut at Port Hudson

Civil War Submarines
• Submarine model images

CSS Hunley • More (Wikipedia)
   • History & Description • Model • More
   • Hunley Schematic (1902, cached)
   • Engineering Details • More • Torpedo
   • Digital Art
   • Impact on the Blockade
   • USS Housatonic
   • Documents on Sinking of USS Housatonic

Hunley Recovery Portal • Index • More
• Theories on Hunley Sinking • More • More
• Single Bullet Theory

CSS David (semi-submersible)

Tinclads - River Warships

David Dixon Porter

Admiral Porter's Ironclad Hoax

Winans Cigar Ships

Civil War Naval Art

National Civil War Naval Museum
• CSS Jackson

CSS Cairo

Battle for the Western Rivers (archived)

Conquest of the Lower Mississippi

Economics of the War

Economics of the Civil War

Impact of the Cotton Trade • More

Cotton and Its Role in the Civil War

Impact of Blockade (book review)

Why the North Won

Society & Ideology

Transportation & Supply

CW Industry & Technology

Logistics

Mobilizing for Total War
• More

Logistics in the Civil War
• More (Livingston)

Strategic Supply of Civil War Armies

Raising Two Great Armies

US Quartermaster Department (1861-63)

CW Logistics Portal

Opening the "Cracker Line" (E Tennessee)
• Steamer that opened the "Cracker Line"

Supplying the Atlanta Campaign

City Point, VA, Supply Depot

Stiver Quartermaster series: Supporting Victory
• Lifeline to Victory
• Gateway to Victory

Merchant Marine in Civil War

Railroads in the Civil War

Railroads: Key to Strategy • pdf

Railroads in Civil War • Photos
   • Map: SE Railroads (1861, USMA)
   • Railroads of the Confederacy (b&w map; RR names)
   • Military Railroads • Map • 1863 map
   • Civil War Railroads (Tennessee)

Confederate Railroads (detailed)

Decline of Confederate Railraods (pdf)

Confederate Military Railroads

Confederate Railroad Construction Plans

Builders of Confederate Locomotives

Confederate Track Manufacture

The Great Locamotive Chase

Substituting Food For Cotton

City Rail Gaps

River Transportation

Civil War - Home Front

The Civil War Homefront (NPS)
• More • More • Lesson Plan

Home Front Links: • North • South

Two Communities in the Civil War

Home Front Balance Sheet (1861, Richard Jensen)
• Home Front 1862 • Impact of Total War

Women in the War (Harper's Weekly) • Story

Northern Home Front (Jensen: portal)
• Rhodes, History of the Civil War (pp 341-364)

Southern Home Front
   • Failure of the Confederate Home Front 1863-65
   • The War for States' Rights
   • NC Museum of History • More
   • Richard Jensen (portal)
   • Mary Chestnut, A Diary From Dixie (1905)
      • Background • More
   • Rhodes, History of the Civil War (pp 366-397)
   • Civil War in Georgia (About North Georgia.com)

General Order 100 & Military Government
• Full Article (JSTOR: GT only)

Southern Views of the War • More

Hard Times in the Confederacy (article, 1888)

Partisan Warfare in the Civil War

Confederate Irregular Warfare

Manpower Policies (Grimsley)

Union Draft • More (Livingston) • More

Confederate Conscription
• Conscription and Conflict in the Confederacy (review)

Conscription in the Civil War (1915)
• Full Article (JSTOR: GT only)

NY City Draft Riots (Jul 1863)
   • In the Shadow of Slavery (excerpt)
   • Civil War Homepage
   • Wikipedia • More
   • Causes & Effects (essay: Alex Blankfein)
   • Harper's Weekly (August 1, 1863)
   • The Great Riots of New York (1873; pp.136-288)
   • Eyewitness Account Confederate Draft

Harper's Weekly, 1861-65 • Cartoons

Century Magazine (period articles on CW life) • Alt

Lincoln's Letter to Mrs. Bixby (lost 5 sons)

US Army in Reconstruction & Indian Wars

Return to Top

Other 19th Century Wars

Wars of the 19th Century

Industrial Revolution & Warfare (19th c.)
   • Evolution of Modern Warfare
   • Impact & Major Trends
   • Timeline: 19th c. Tech & War

19th Century Warfare

Infantry Assault Tactics (1850-1918) • alt • pdf

Primer on 19th c Warfare (Calvert)

Sea Battles, 1882-1918

Casualty Stastics, 19th Century Wars

Europe After 1815

Congress of Vienna

The Victorian Army (1854)
• The Victorian Soldier

Mexican War (Wikipedia)
   • Maps (USMA Atlas) • CMH
   • Notes on the Mexican War (Calvert)
   • Overview (Grimsley)
   • Infoplease.com (C³)

Mexican War (About.com)
• Roots of the Mexican War
• Summary of the war

US Artillery & Rockets @ Veracruz

The Campaign for Monterrey

Logistics in the Mexican War

US Army, 1846-1861 (Grimsley)

European Revolutions of 1848
• French • German • Italian

The Dynasties Recover (1849)

Crimean War, 1853-56 • More • More

Crimean War Site

Westward Expansion • Animated Maps

The West (PBS) • Other Links

Westward Trails (animated maps)

The Oregon Trail • More (e-book)

1865 Wagon Train (narrative)

The North American Indian (e-book)
• Map: Indian Tribal Areas

The North American Indian (notes)
• Battle of the Little Bighorn
• The Demise of the Buffalo

The Buffalo in Indian Culture

Eradication of the Buffalo (environmental warfare)

NativeAmericans.com (deep background!)
   • Indian Territory
   • Trail of Tears
      • Relocation History & Timeline

The Indian Removal Act of 1830
• Video

The Navajo Long Walk (1863)

The Frontier in American History (Turner, 1935)

History of the Transcontinental Railraod

US Indian Wars (Wikipedia)
   • Named Campaigns of the Indian Wars (CMH)
   • Indian Wars (1865-1890, AMH)
   • Indian Wars, 1866-1890 (Grimsley)
   • Indian Wars Battles (map)
   • Indian Wars Animated Maps (USMA, ppt)
   • Cavalry Outpost Duties (manual)

The Indian Wars (Maybury)

The Crush of the Plains & Mountain Indians

US Army in the Indian Wars (CMH)

Phil Sheridan and the Indian Wars

Total War: "Hard War in the West" (Grimsley)

US Army Organization & Unit Histories (CMH, 1896)

Artillery in the Indian Wars (pdf)

Atlas of the Sioux Wars (CARL, pdf) • Pt 2

Fort Laramie Treaty of 1868

Custer's Black Hills Expedition of 1874

Campaign of 1876 (Wyoming Tales and Trails)

Battle of the Little Bighorn (Jun 1876 - NPS)
   • Campaign Maps • Battle Map • Photo Essay
   • Wikipedia • Thumbnail
   • darkcreek.com (portal)
   • NativeAmericans.com
   • EyeWitnessToHistory.com
   • Significance of the Battle (littlebighorn.info)

Custer Portal

7th Cavalry History (CMH. 1896)

Custer's Last Stand (video)

Nez Perce Campaign (1877)
   • Map
   • Chief Joseph, Nez Perce Chief
   • The Struggle of 1877 (NPS)

Victorio's War (1879-1880)
• Chronology

Wounded Knee Massacre (1890)

The Buffalo Soldiers • More • More
   • 9th Cavalry History (CMH. 1896) • More
   • 10th Cavalry History (CMH. 1896) • More
   • Henry Flipper • More • More
      • Spartacus Educational
      • The Colored Cadet at West Point

Buffalo Soldiers At Fort Huachuca

The Pig War (US-UK, 1859-72)
   • American Camp • British Camp
   • Wikipedia • HistoryNet.com
   • Global Security • Map
   • Smart Science

Egyptian War of 1882 (UK PRO)

The River War (Churchill on Sudan, e-book)
• NY Times review (Jan 1900, pdf)

Nation-State Consolidation (1859-1871)

History of Germany

Road to German Unification

German Unification • Chronology • Map
• Wikipedia

History of Prussia (German)
   • Military History (1740-1792) • Pt 2 • Pt 3
   • Napoleonic Wars (1792-1815)
   • Danish War (1864)
   • Austro-Prussian War (1866) • Pt 2
   • Franco-Prussian War (1870-71) • Pt 2

Prussia Emerges as a Military Power

The German Empire (Second Reich)

Bismarck

Bismark & German Unification
• Wars of Unification (outline) • Map

Austro-Prussian (Seven Weeks) War
   • Oxford Companion to Military History
   • Reader's Companion to Military History
   • Battle of Königgrätz (Jul 1866) • More • More

Helmuth Karl von Moltke (the Elder)

Franco-German Enmity

France, Germany and Natural Resources

Franco-Prussian War

Maps: Prussia-Germany (1618-1914)

Maps: Germany (1812-Today)

Franco-Prussian War
   • Reader's Companion to Military History (overview)
   • Infoplease.com
   • Encyclopedia Britannica of 1911
   • Columbia Encyclopedia
   • Oxford Military History Companion
   • World History at KMLA
   • Wars & Conflicts of 19th Century • Another
   • MacroHistory (overview)
   • Encarta • Pt 2 (culmination)
   • Armed Conflict Events Data (OnWar.com)
   • Encyclopedia of Marxism
   • Artwork, F-P War

Maps of the Franco-Prussian War • More
   • Battles (German)
   • Overview Map (1.2M)
   • Siege of Paris

Ems Telegram (1870)

Franco-Prussian War (portal)
   • Causes • Summary
   • Prussian Artillery Doctrine • Details
   • Siege Warfare

Chronology of Franco-Prussian War (1870-71)
• F-P War & French Civil War

Chronology of the War of 1870 (translated)

Franco-Prussian War Timeline • Chronology

Diplomatic Background, F-P War (translated)

Napoleon III (Louis Bonaparte)

Melmuth von Molke
• First Battle of Sedan (Aug-Sep 1870)

French Logistics

Prussian Wagons • Description • Image

British Military Thinking & the F-P War (JSTOR)

Improvements in Military Operations

The Siege of Paris (1870-1871)

The Civil War in France (March-May 1871)

Paris Commune (1871)

Civil War in France, 1871

Balloon Flights From Paris • More • More
• Krupp's Balloon Gun

Treaty of Frankfurt (May 10, 1871)

Sheridan: Account of Franco-Prn War

War Correspondent, F-P War

History of French-Germany War (e-book, 1871)

Franco-Prussian War: Step Toward Total War

Weapons of F-P War: Rifles (translated)
   • Chassepot Rifle
   • French machine gun
   • French artillery
   • Prussian artillery: 4-pdr • Another Image

Drill & German Infantry Tactics 1871-1914

French Tactical Doctrine 1870-1914
• Full Article (JSTOR: GT only)

Germany & Europe, 1871-1945 (e-book)

German Way of War, 1870-1914
• Full Article (JSTOR: GT only)

Prussian Officer Development (1860-1914)

The German Empire (1871-1918)

German Militaria (Frederick the Great => Hitler)

Imperial German Military Knowledge Base
• Imperial German Army Uniforms

Imperialism

European Imperialism (summary)

Imperialism (Wikipedia)
   • Answers.com (multiple definitions)
   • Encarta
   • Imperialism 101
   • What is Imperialism?
   • Internet Modern History Sourcebook (Fordham U)
   • Imperialism: An Introduction (Regents Prep)
   • ThinkQuest (overview)
   • Age of Imperialism (Xenophile Historian)

Theories of Imperialism

Imperialism: A Study (John Hobson, 1902 - e-book)
• Alt • Excerpt

Colonialism (Wikipedia) • Chronology
• History 1450-1789 (scroll down)

Empire (Wikipedia) • Global Empires (lists)
   • Spanish Empire
   • British Empire • Trade Routes (multimedia map)
   • French Colonial Empires
   • Empire of Japan
   • German Colonial Empire

Reasons for Empire
   • Economic Reasons
   • Ideological Reasons
   • Strategic Reasons
   • Political Reasons

Imperialism Portal (scroll down)

World-wide Imperialism

New Imperialism (Wikipedia)
• Rise of the New Imperialism

The New Imperialism (1815-1870)
• 1870-1914

"New Imperialism" and its Fatal Flaws (post-9/11)

Quotations on New Imperialism

Berlin Conference (1884-1885)

Imperialism: A German View (1879)

Imperialism: A British View (1897)

The British Empire (portal) • Overview
   • Wikipedia • More History
   • Evolution of British Empire • Animated Map
   • British Empire Trade Routes (animated)
   • Article: "Rise & Fall of British Empire" • More
   • Article: "The Necessity for Imperium" (1870 debate)
   • List of British Colonies & Map • Last Remaining
   • Units, Uniforms & Arms • Ships

Timeline: British Age of Empire

Imperialism in Asia (map, 1914)

Scramble for Africa (Wikipedia)

Imperialism: Highest Stage of Capitalism (V I Lenin, 1916)

Cultural Imperialism

American Imperialism

American Empire (definition, Wikipedia)

Territorial Acquisitions of the US (Wikipedia)

Overseas Expansion of the US (Wikipedia)

US Military Interventions 1890-2004

American Imperialsim (outline & notes)

American Imperialism, 1898-1917 (Livingston)

Timeline of U.S. Imperialism (1854-1919)

America as an Imperial Power

America & Imperialism

The Age of (US) Imperialism

US Foreign Policy in the Late 19th Century

US on Eve of Empire (portal)

"Manifest Destiny" (Harper's article, 1893)

The Burden of Imperialism, Then & Now (Grimsely, OSU)

Crusade of American Militarism
   • 1890's • Spanish-American War
   • World War I • World War II
   • Century of US Military Interventions
   • Propaganda

US Interventionism

American Imperialism in Editorial Cartoons

Impact of the Imperial Wars on US Army

War is a Racket (Gen Smedley Butler, USMC)

Roots of Empire (Radical critique of current US policy)

Expansion in the Pacific

Panama Canal

US Intervention in Latin America

Spanish-American War

Spanish-American War (Wikipedia)
   • Encarta • Alt
   • PBS
   • Library of Congress
   • TeacherOz
   • Grimsley (Ohio State)
   • WWW Virtual Library
   • NY Public Library
   • Small Planet Communications
   • Armed Forces News Service
   • Images (maps, ships) • More

Emergence to World Power (Am Mil Hist)

Spanish-Am War & US Empire

Spanish-American War Centennial
• Transportation to the Phillipines
• Reina Mercedes

Spanish-American War (essay: Trask)

History of the Spanish-American War
• More

Spanish-American War (C³) • More

Galvanizing Events Leading to War

Background to the war (Naval Historical Center)

Spanish-American War Timeline

Span-Am War Timeline (emphasis: Philippines & Guam)

Impact of Press on the War

Art & Images of the War With Spain

McKinley & The Spanish-American War (eHistoy, OSU)
• Political Cartoons of McKinley Era

Spainish-American War Political Cartoons
• More

USS Maine • Wikipedia

What Really Sank the Maine?

The Second Sinking of the Maine

Battles of the Spanish-American War

US Army Campaigns: War With Spain

Campaign Maps (USMA Atlas)

Battle for Santiago (map)

Assault on San Juan Hill (Kettle Hill)

TR and the Assault on San Juan Hill

Rough Riders (desription & artwork, CMH)

The Rough Riders (T. Roosevelt, e-book)

Buffalo Soldiers in the Spanish-American War

Gatling Guns in the Spanish-American War
• More

New York in the War With Spain

Impact of "Disaster' of 1898 on Spanish Army

Naval War With Spain (Nav Hist Ctr)
   • Overview    • More • Navy Planning • Documents
   • US ship images • Gunboats (light cruisers)
   • US Preparations • Spanish Preparations
   • Historical Bibliography

Battle of Manla Bay (May 1, 1898)
   • Dewey's Account of Battle
   • Naval Historical Center
   • Wikipedia
   • USS Olympia • Detailed photos • More
   • Contemporary Map
   • Detailed Map and Orders of Battle
   • HistoryNet
   • Capt Charles Gridley & Battle of Manila Bay • Alt

George Dewey (bio & battle prep details)

US Navy in the Campaign for Santiago

Battle of Santiago (July 3, 1898)
   • Oxford Companion to US Military History
   • Wikipedia
   • Detailed Map and Orders of Battle

Declaration of War Text

Images of the Spanish-American War

Treaty of Paris

Lessons of War with Spain (Naval Historical Center)

American Solders' View of Spaniards

Home Front Invasion Concerns
• The Flying Squadron

Philippine-American War

Philippine Revolution (1896-1898)

Philippine-American War
      • Summary of the War
      • Major Events
   • Oxford Companion to Military History
   • Wikipedia
   • The History Guy
   • Center for Military History
   • PBS
   • MSC Institute of Technology (Philippine)
   • filipino-americans.com
   • History Wiz
   • Small Planet Communications
   • Grimsley (Ohio State)
   • War and Game

Timeline of Philippine-American War
• Timeline of Phillippine Independence Movement (1872-1899)

American Imperialism of the Philippines

American Conquest of the Philippines (1898-1907)

History of the Philippines (LOC, e-book) • Alt
   • Spanish-American War in the Philippines
   • Treaty of Paris
   • Philippine Resistance
   • Mobilizing for War in the Philippines

Emilio Aguinaldo y Famy • More

McKinley's Benevolent Assimilation Proclamation

Philippine Independence Day (June 12, 1898)

San Juan Incident (Feb 1899)

The Balangiga Massacre (Sep 1899)

Philippine Insurrection (CMH) • More

Philippine Insurrection - 1899 (Military Review, 2004)

Lsns From a Successful Counterinsurgency (Philippines, 1899-1902)

The US Army & Irregular Warfare
• The Pacification of the Philippine
• The Philippines and Vietnam (comparison)

Lessons from the Philippine War • Alt

Nationbuilding & Pacification in the Philippines

Pacifying the Moros, 1899-1913

Phillippine-American War Documents

Moro Crater Massacre (1906)

Images from the Philippine-American War

Photos of the Philippine Insurgents (LOC)

Comparison: Iraq & Philippines (commentary, 2005)

Bayan: Last Battle of Philipine War (May 2, 1902)

Krag-Jorgensen Rifle

Joint Operations in the Philippine War

Late 19th C Military Revolutions

Navies in Transition (developments, mid- late-19th c)

Brassey's Naval Annual (1888-1913,

Steel Navy (historic ships)

Pre-Dreadnought Battleships: US
• France • Russia

Modern Battleship (1904)

Dreadnoughts (development & impact)

Dreadnought and the Naval Arms Race

Dreadnought Battleships (extracts)

British-German Naval Rivalry

History of the Torpedo

Change & Continuity in 19th C Warfare

The Second Boer War (1899-1902)

Might Lessons of Boer War Have Prevented WW I Carnage?

Early 20th Century

Great White Fleet • More • More
• Fleet Visits Australia (Aug-Sep 1908)
• Images of Ships & Port Calls

Jamestown Naval Review (1907)

Modern Battleship (1914)

Navy Illustrated (1900 photos)

US Navy & Naval Policy, 1899-1916 (Grimsley)

Russo-Japanese War • Synopsis
• Wikipedia
• Russo-Japanese War Research Society

Chronology of Russo-Japanese War !904-1905

Seige of Port Arthur (narrative)

Battle of the Yellow Sea (narrative)

Baltic Fleet At Sea (photo & discussion)

Battle of Tsushima • Narrative

Naval Technical Notes

Reasons For Japanese Success War

Russo-Japanese War: Account (bk rvw)

Germany: 1890-1914
• Fleet Building & International Conflict

Return to Top

World War I

The Story of the Great War (e-book, 1919)
• Chronology • Table of Contents

The Nature of World War I (summary)

Total War I: The Great War (Bourne)
• Photo essay

Germany in the Great War (1st of 5 parts)

The Guns of August (Google book) • Outline

WW I Overview (Wikipedia)
   • Wikipedia Links
      • Western Front
      • Eastern Front
      • Casualties
   • First World War.com * * * *
      • Encyclopedia of WW I
      • How It Began
      • Battles (all fronts) • Western Front
      • Primary Documents
   • Xenophile Historian
   • GlobalSecurity
   • Encyclopedias (Answers.com)
   • National Archives of the UK
   • Teacheroz
   • Mil History Encyclopedia on the Web (Rickard)
   • WW I Geographical Overview **** (animated map)
   • Internet Modern History Sourcebook
   • PBS • Historian Commentaries
   • University of Pittsburg
   • BBC: World War One * * * *
   • World-War-1.info
   • worldwar-1.net
   • Tragic War, Futile Peace
   • Spartacus Educational
   • Mike Andersson site
   • Encyclopedia of World History
   • Columbia Encyclopedia
   • Encarta
   • Moonie (detailed)
   • National Archives
   • Trenches on the Web
   • World War One Through Dutch Eyes
   • P. Darlene McClendon (contemporary)
   • The History Project (WW I essays)
   • Eyewitness to History: WW I
   • U San Diego
   • Heritage of Great War (Dutch)
   • Tulip Academy
   • HistoryGuide
   • Great War With A Difference (period media)
   • UK Public Records Office
   • Western Front Association • Index (cached)
      • Western Front Battles
      • Battles & Tactics (cached)
      • Equipment & Weapons
      • Naval Actions
      • Articles by David Payne (cached)

WW I Essays (1918)

WW I Documents * * * * • Alt
• Articles & Commentaries

WW I: Nation By Nation
• Great Britain • France • Germany

History of the World War (e-book, 1919)
• GoogleBooks

Great War Quotations

Germany: 1914-1918

World War I Timeline (Air Univ)
   • PBS
   • World War-1.net
   • History Place (linked images)
   • FirstWorldWar.com
   • Kilidavid.com (comprehensive)
   • Story of the Great War (Usher, c 1919)
   • National World War One Museum (1914)
      • 1915 • 1916 • 1917 • 1918
   • The Book of the War (1918, parallel timelines)
   • University of San Diego (linked)
   • U-S-History.com (linked)
   • Stars & Stripes
   • US Involvement in WW I (Feldmeth)

Statistics of WW I
• Miscellaneous Statistics

WW I Casualties (Wikipedia) • PBS
• More • WorldWar1.com • More • More
• War Casualties Throught the Ages

Great War By the Numbers

Armies: Aug 1914 & Total Mobilized

Origins of WW I * * * *    • More Detail
   • Origins of World War I (Google Books)
   • Western Front Association
   • National Archives of the UK
   • The Book of the War (1918, per each combatant)
   • BBC
   • HistoryHome (UK)
   • Wikipedia
   • Trenches on the Web
   • Sage on the Stage
   • Mike Andersson site
   • Loyal Edmonton Regiment Museum (Canada)

Pre-1914 Documents (treaties & communiques)

Causes of WW I (interactive game)

Causes of WW I (treaties) • pdf • More

Causes & Conduct of WW I

Analysis of the Origins of WW I

German Responsibility for WW I

Militarism (e-book, 1917)

Assisination of Franz Ferdinand (video)
• Crisis

Kaiser Wilhelm II and the Road to War

The Meaning of Mobilization in 1914

Expectations of War in 1914

The World War and What Was Behind It (e-book, US, 1918)

"Willy-Nicky" Telgrams (Jul-Aug 1914) • Alt/a>

Why Did Britain Go to War? (archival material)

Sir Edward Gray & the Sarajevo Crisis

Imperialism & Roots of WW I

Cult of the Offensive & Origins of WW I (1984)

1914 Revisited: Allies, Offense & Instability (JSTOR, 1986)
• Discussion & Relevance to Counterforce (JSTOR)

Why Cooperation Failed in 1914 (JSTOR, 1985)

Germany & the Next War (1914) • Alt • Excerpt

The Great Illusion (1910) • Excerpt

Austro-Hungarian Ultimatum (July 1914)

Ultimatum to Belgium ( 2 Aug 1914)

War Declared (Aug 1914 news articles)

Declarations of War (chronology) • By Nation

The Case for War (David Lloyd George)

Initial Enthusiasm for War (video)

Pact of London (5 Sep 1914 - no separate peace)

Book of the War (e-book: causes, timeline - 1918)

Flags of Warring Nations

Netherlands in WW I • More • More

Schllieffen Plan (internal link)

The Birth of Total War (BBC)

"Total War I: The Great War" (Bourne)

Total War: Total History (overview, JSTOR)

Conundrum of the Casualties

Strategy & Technology (Bourne) * * * *
• Photo Essay (excellent!)

Character of Modern War (c 1919)
• Machinery of a Modern Army

Military Plans for War

Planning for War (multinational)

British & Allied Strategy

Strategy & Tactics

French Elan

How Prepared Was Britain?

Tactics in WW I
• Evolution of British Offensive Tactics
• Operations in 1918

The Character of Modern War (c. 1918)

Origins of the Stalemate

The Static Front: Why No Breakthroughs

Trench Warfare • More • More
   • The Attack in Trench Warfare (French, 1915) • PDF
   • Digger History
   • British Trench Warfare 1917-1918 (excerpt)
      • Trench construction diagrams
   • Trench Warfare Video (colorized)

Engineers Support for Trench Warfare

Technology, Tactics & Organization
• Overview

Innovations - Western Front • More

Breaking the Trench Deadlock

German Tac Doctrine Changes • pdf

Sturmtruppen (Stormtroopers)
• Wikipedia • WorldWar1.come
• Oxford Companion to Military History

Hutier (Infiltration) Tactics

Creeping Barrage • In WW I

Genesis of Aerial Reconnaissance

British Inf Tactics (posters, May 1917)

British Army in WW I

British Army: Professionals vs. Volunteers

British Intellignece in WWI

French Army in WW I

France at War (photos)

French Intelligence, WWI & WWII

French Archives

Belgium in WW I & WW II

Canada in WW I • Demobilization

American Neutrality

"American Should Have Stayed Out" (Churchill)

America in WW I (narrative overview)

America In WW I (timeline)

How We Entered the War (Tuchman) • Alt

Reasons for American Entry

Sinking of the Lusitania (May 1915)

Zimmermann Telegram
   • Wikipedia • More • More
   • Telegram text
   • Images of Actual Message (coded, decoded)
   • Severing Relations With Germany
   • Alternate View on Telegram

US WW I Political History

Wilson's War Message (April 1917)

American Planning for WW I
• Search for Alternatives, Western Front

Why & How America Entered War in Europe

US Jt Planning Before WW I • pdf

Notes on US Entry into WW I (text)

Story of the AEF (Doughboy Ctr)
• Planning the AEF • Sizing the AEF

Map - AEF Locations in France

US Army Overseas (CMH)

Growth of the American Army

"The Americans Are Coming!" (photos)

American Army in France (Nov 1917)

America's Army in the War (W C Both)

History of the 113th FA, 30th Div (e-book, photos)

Army-Navy Fact Book (1917)

U. S. Marines in WW I

U. S. Troops in Russia

Why We Are At War (Wilson)

Stars & Stripes (WW I)

General Pershing (Bio)

Wilson's 14 Points (8 Jan 1918)

Wilson as Commander-in-Chief

WW I Lesson Plans

WW I on the Web

World War I Web Ring

WW I Portal (good photos)

Legends & Traditions of WW I

Images of the Great War (photo essay)
   • World War I Document Archive • More
   • US Army Art
   • MilitaryPhotos.net (extensive!)
   • Imperial War Museim Photos
   • Different Worlds: Pictures of the Past (UK)
      • German Photos • In the Trenches
   • WorldWar1.com • More
   • worldwaronecolorphotos.com (French)
   • FirstWorldWar.com
   • Great War Picture (Dutch)
   • Great War Heritage (Dutch)
      • Photos • More • Color photos
      • Adolph Hitler in WW I
   • University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
   • The War Illustrated (magazine)
   • The Great War in a Different Light
   • Western Front Images (YouTube - excellent)

Eyewitness to WW I (narratives)

America's War for Humanity (photos)

Video Clips: • 1914 • Pre-1914

Combat Video (Johnny Cash vocal)

WW I-era Audio

WW I Home Front

Vintage Media (early 20th C)

"Over There" (history & words)
• Audio (Billy Murray, 1917)
• Audio (Enrico Caruso, 1918)

"Pack Up Your Tourbles ... "

"It's A Long Way to Tipperary"

Oregon at War
• Social Change • Drives & Campaigns
• The Economy • Shortages & Inflation

Baltimore in WW I (images)

North Carolina in the Great War

The Draft

War Propaganda

Psychological Warfare, 1914-1918

Creel Commission (Committee on Public Information)

George Creel, War Propagandist
• Committee on Public Information (CPI)

The Four Minute Men • More • More
• Sample Speech

Wilson & Propaganda

Civil Liberties in US
• Civil Liberty Case Studies
• The Sedition Act (May 1918)

Propaganda Posters • Portal • More • More
   • Home Front posters • More
   • North Carolina and the Great War
   • International propaganda posters • More
   • More (scroll WAY down) • More • More
   • US Navy Recruiting Posters

WW I Propaganda Postcards

WW I Propaganda Films

German Propaganda in US

UK Home Front (BBC) • Alt

Civilan Experience in UK (archival material)

British Propaganda (archival material)
   • War Propaganda Bureau
   • British Recruiting Posters • More
   • Posters

The Battle of the Somme (film)
• Imperial War Museum remstored DVD
• Faking Video

Impact of Propaganda on Publishing in WW I

Impact of Blockade on UK Imports

Impact of Sub Warfare on British Economy

Impact of Zeppelin Raids (archival material)

Psychological Warfare, WWI

A British Town in WW I

British Recruiting Posters • More

WW I Post Cards (Emory Library

Propaganda Cards

French Propaganda Posters • More

Role of Logistics in Allied Victory

Logistics in WW I (bibliography)

Role of Railroads in the War (Aug 1914)Quartermaster Supply in AEF • More

Role of Horse & Mules in WW I

Blockade of Germany
• Its Impact • More

Technology & Military Advantage in WW I
• Full Article (JSTOR: GT only)

WW I Weapons (Portal) • More • More

Weapons & War (UK, archival material)

Weapons of the Great War
• Technology • Inventors & Scientists

Body Armor

Rifles
• Lebel Rifle (8 mm, French)

Machine Guns During WW I (Google book)
   • Machine Guns (overview) • Types
   • Lewis Gun
   • Madsen LMG With Sturmtruppen
   • Chauchat (French) • More
   • Hotchkiss M1914 (French)

German MGs & Trench Mortars

Artillery in WW I
   • Overview & Killing Effect
   • Details of artillery employment in WW I
   • Artillery Theory
   • Shrapnel Round
   • Trajectories: Shrapnel & HE

Big Guns of WW I

British Artillery in WW I (e-book)
• Specifications
• British 18 pdr. Field Gun

German Heavy Artillery (images)
   • Big Bertha • More
   • The Goliath Gun (42 cm mortar)
   • Paris Gun • Photos • More

French 75 in WW I

German Siege Guns

Naval Railway Gun Batteries (cached) • More

Bayonet in WW I

Hand Grenades • US Grenades

German Gernade Launchers • More

Flamethrowers • More • More

Poison Gas in WW I
   • History of Chemical Warfare
   • Poison Gas in Cylinders
   • Impact of Gas (1915 article) • Photos
   • Horrors of Gas Warfare (Canadian)
   • Livens Bomb & Projector • More
   • German Development
   • Legacy of Gas Warfare
      • First German Attack (scroll down)

First Gas Attack (narrative)

Chemical Warfare in WW I: US Experience (e-book)

British Gas Warfare in WW I • More

Field Gun to Tank (BBC)

Development of the Tank in WW I
• Overview

Tanks of WW I (all countries)
• WW I Vehicles & Artillery (Photos & plans)

First Tank Proposal • More
• Supporting Correspondence

British Mark I Tank (interactive views)

First Tanks (Sept 1916) • Account

Description of a Tank Battle (1917)

First Tank-to-Tank Battle (Apr 1918)
• Official Account

"With the Tanks" (Atlantic Monthly, Dec '18)

Tank Against Tank (narrative)

WW I Tanks (photos)

British Mk. I Tank (interactive description: BBC)
• Mark I and varients (Wikipedia)
• Video Clip (Military Channel)

Medium A Whippet Tank

French FT17 Light Tank • FT17 Video

German Tanks • More (cached)
• German A7V Sturmpanzer-Kraftwagen

British Rolls Royce Armored Car

Royal Engineers in WW I

Fortifications in the War

World War I - Land

Short History of the Great War (e-book, 1920)

Futile Effort to Avert War

Battles, Weapons & Tactics (TeacherOz)

West Point Atlas, WW I
   • Wikimedia Commons Atlas of WW I
   • BBC (animated maps)
   • War Times Journal (animated maps)
   • PBS
   • 1914-1918.net
   • FirstWorldWar.com
   • Battle & Campaign Maps: WW I

Geography of the Great War

Animated Map - Opening Moves
• 1915 • 1916-1917 • 1918
• Schlieffen Plan animated maps

Decisive Battles (maps)

Chemins de Mémoire (French war memorials)
• Categoroes

Planning the War (all participants)

War Plans and the First World War
• Overview of Plans

WW I - Background, Opening Moves
• Europe Plunges Into War (animated map)

Schlieffen Plan (1905) • Details
• More • More • More

Failure of Schlieffen Plan • More
• Animated maps

Schlieffen Plan & Plan XVII: Short Critique
• Full Article (JSTOR: GT only)

Analysis of Schlieffen Plan • More
   • Critique (re: Holland, Army Quarterly, London, 1929)
   • Myth of the German General Staff
   • How Close Did German Come?
   • Planning War in Peacetime (pdf)

German Preparations for War (and vis-a-vis Allies)

War by Timetable? (Role of Railroads)

Battles of WW I (chronologically, all fronts)
• Western Front • Eastern Front • Gallipoli

Battles of WW I (Wikipedia)

Eastern Front (internal link)

Western Front, 1914-18 (Wikipedia)
   • War Times Journal • More
   • Chronology of Opening Moves
   • British Experience (detailed)
   • Western Front 1914-18 (w/ animated maps)

"Brave Little Belgium" (images & stories)
• FirstWorlWar.com (portal) • Video

Belgian Army in August 1914

German Policy Toward Belgium, 1914-1918

Western Front, August 1914 (map, USMA)

Battle of Liége (August 1914)
• Fortresses of Liége • Armaments • Details
• Belgian Army & Forts

Siege & Fall of Antwerp

Battle of the Frontiers (Wikipedia) • More
   • Maps • Video
   • Animated Maps (French)
   • Lorraine and the Ardennes

Battle of Mons • Video

Impressions of Paris (Aug 1914)

Siege & Fall of Antwerp (Sep-Oct 1914)

The Allied Retreat (30 Aug-5 Sep 1914)
• Animated Map (French)

Battle of the Marne (Sep 1914)
• Overview • Details • Details • Video

Race to the Sea (Sep-Oct 1914)
• Map (Wikipedia) • Map (USMA)

Christmas Truce, 1914 • More

The Campaign of 1915

Gallipoli (1915-16)
    (Scroll down to "1915 - Allied landings at Gallipoli")
   • Armored landing barges ("beatles")
   • Wikipedia • Timeline
   • Imperial War Museum
   • First World War in Dutch Eyes
   • More • More • More • More
   • Timeline & Details (Gallipoli Assn.)
   • Map • Map • Illustrated Magazines
   • Engineer Support at Gallipoli
   • Gallipoli and RMA of WW I • pdf
   • Turkish Forces at Gallipoli

River Clyde Landing

Impact of Naval Mines at Gallipoli

Gallipoli (photo essay)

Dardanelles Operation: Disaster or Genius?

Gallipoli's Aims & Reasons For Failure

2nd Battle of Ypres (Apr 1915) •More
• Gravenstafle Ridge (first gas attack, 22 Apr 1915)
• Poison Gas in WW I (internal link)

The Campaign of 1916

Battle of Verdun (Feb-Dec 1916)
• Overview (Dutch) • More

Battle of Verdun (DODS Verdun HS)
   • Table of Contacts (w/ music :p )
   • Verdun: Panaramic Map
   • The Bayonet Trench

The Forts of Verdun (1916)

Battle of the Somme (Jul-Nov 1916)
   • Wikipedia
   • BBC • More • Multimedia (BBC)
   • Animated Map (BBC)
   • Imperial War Museum
   • "Battle of the Somme" (movie excerpt)

Tanks in WW I (internal link)

The Campaign of 1917

Hindenburg Line

Hindenburg Line (building & movie)
• Aerial Photo

Overview Map (1917-18) & Timeline

Passchendaele (Third Ypres, Jul-Nov 1917) • BBC

Tanks at Cambrai (Nov 1917) • More
• HM Land Ships (accounts)

Mutiny of French Army (1917)

America in the War * * * *

The U.S. Army Overseas (CMH)

American Expeditionary Force (AEF)

US Divisions in WW I (data)

27th NY Division
• Breaking the Hindenburg Line

The US Army of WW I (Google book)

The US Marine Corps in WW I (Google book)

British Operations in 1918

German Plans for 1918
• The German Offensive of 1918 • More

Ludendorff Offensive (March 1918)
   • More (The War Illustrated)
   • Kaiserschlacht (1918, Animated Map)
   • Operational Level of War Considerations

2nd Battle of the Marne (Jul 1918)

Hundred Days Offensive (8 Aug-11 Nov 1918)

The Challenge of the Hindenburg Line

Breaking the Hindenburg Line
   • Background of Hindenburg Line
   • Map: Ops in Sep 1918 • Oct. 8 • Nov. 1
   • Hindenburg Line & Final Breakthrough (Dutch)

St. Mihiel and Meuse-Argonne (Sep-Nov 1918)
• The Lost Battalion

Cote de Chatelion (Sep-Oct 1918)

Rethinking US Role in Victory (commentary)
• More

Wasted Lives on Armistice Day

Compiègne - 1918

Chemical Warfare (US Experience)

WW I Military Tactics (internal link)

Eastern Front • More • More
   • German Invasion of Russia
   • Eastern Front 1914-1915 (Hindenburg in Poland)
      • Map: 1914 • Map: 1915
   • Victories & Defeats of the Russian Army, 1914
   • Battle of Tannengerg (Aug-Sep 1914) • Video
   • First Battle of the Masurian Lakes (Sep 1914)
   • An American Journalist on the Eastern Front
   • The Great Russian Retreat (1915)
   • Kerensky Offensive, 1917

German Campaign in the East

Battle of Tannenberg (Aug 1914)
• More • More • OB • Video

Russia in WW I

Austria-Hungary & Russia At War

Italian Front • Balkan Front

T. E. Lawrence • Wikipedia

The End of WW I (Russia out of war, BBC)

Final Allied Offensive on Western Front

Plan 1919

Battle of Megiddo (Palestine, 1918)

Soldier Life

Soul of the Assault (soldier experiences)

The Poilu (French soldier)

Life of a Tommy

Life in the Trenches (British)

Quality of Command (UK, case studies)

Demobilizing the British Army

When the Boys Came Home

Terms & Expressions From WW I

Soldier Uniforms (early)

Uniforms & Equipment of WW I (all countries)

German Pickelhaube

German Stahlhelm, M1916

German WWI Equipmwnt & Uniforms

Writing the US History of the War (1919, JSTOR)

Movies About WW I

World War I - Sea

Maps: Naval Campaigns & Battles of WW I

Naval History of WW I (e-book)

Naval History of WW I
• WW I Naval Combat
• World War I at Sea.Net

UK Pre-WW I Naval Strategy (book rvw)

Role of the Royal Navy in WW I

German Naval Buildup (Tirpitz Plan)
• Alfred von Tirpitz
• German Navy Strength, 1914

The Dreadnought Race • More
   • Anglo-German Arms Race (Wikipedia)
   • Completions by year
   • Dreadnought Images (models)

Dreadnoughts and the Western Front

WW I Warships (European)

German Navy Ship Multiviews

Jane's Fighting Ships for 1919

Navies of WW I

WW I Warships
• Ship Type Definitions
• Dreadnought Battleships

Origin of the Battlecruiser
• Battlecruisers of WW I

Imperial Navy in WW I (profiles)

History of the Imperial Navy (German) • Translated
• Another (in German) •Translated

German Navy Ships (photos: USN Historical Ctr)

German Deutschland-class Battleships

SMS Von der Tann (first German battlecruiser)

German Armed Merchant Raiders

Russian Battleships (plans)

The War at Sea (WWI WWW)
• More • More

Blockade of Germany • More
• German Efforts to Counter Blockade

Importance of the War at Sea

Photos of the War at Sea
• Pg 2 • Pg 3 • Pg 4 • Pg 5 • More

WW I at Sea (BBC) • Index

WW I at Sea (About.com)

WW I At Sea (US NHC)

WWI Naval Combat

WWI Naval Battles (Summaries)

Naval War: Bkgrd & Opening Moves

Early Naval Actions

Pursuit of the Goeben and Breslau

Battle of Heligoland Bight (Aug 1914) • More

Battle of the Falkland Islands (Dec 1914)
• Detail • More • Images

Jellicoe: Grand Fleet & Jutland

Sheer: Highs Seas Fleet & Jutland

Battle of Jutland (Skagerrak) (May 1916)
   • More • More • Narrative
   • Detailed Chronology of Battle
   • What Happened at Jutland
   • Daily Mirror Stories

Zeebrugge Raid (April 1918)
• More (Western Front Association)

US Navy in the War (e-book, 1919)

The U-boat Threat (BBC)

First Battle of the Atlantic (BBC)
• Wikipedia

Unrestricted Submarine Warfare

German Declatation of 4 Feb 1915

Conference on Unrestricted Sub War, 31 Aug 1916

German Declaration of 22 Dec 1916

Conference on Unrestricted Sub War, 9 Jan 1917

Neutral Rights & Submarine Warfare

Submarines in WWI • More • More

U-boats in WW I (U-boat.net)
• U-boat Types & Details • More

Submarine History 1900-1918

Impact of U-boats on the War ****

Handelskrieg (Commerce War) Strategy

The U-boat Summer of 1918

Sub Attacks on US Coast (pdf)

American Reaction to Sub War

Submarine History 1900-1918

U-35 on Patrol

UB-88 (details)

UC-97

Diary of a U-boat Commander

Cargo Sub Deutschland, U-155 (w/ photos)
   • History (RCMH) • More • More • Photo
   • Postcards (some colorized)
   • Tech Details (w/ profile) • As U-155 • War Record
   • Voyage of the Deutschland (Köning, article)
   • Voyage of the Deutschland (Köning, e-book)

British R-1 Submarine (1918)

US Subs in WW I
• Loss of Submarine F-4 (1915)

RN Subs in Sea of Marmura (WW I)

RMS Lusitania • Portal • Details • More
   • More • Images • Images • Artwork
   • Profile & Plans
   • Lusitania Archive • U-20 • U-20
   • FirstWorldWar.com
   • Lusitania: An Epic Tragedy (book review)

US Troopship Sunk By Sub (May 1918)

ASW: WWI, WWII
• Listening through hydrophones
• Introduction of depth charge into RN

Menace Below the Surface

Dover Patrol

The East Coast Patrol

Antisubmarine Information (US Navy, 1918)

Subchasers • In WW I

Anti-Torpedo Nets on Ships

Mine Warfare in WW I • Alt
   • Mine Impact on European Naval Ops
   • Impact of Mines: Dardanelles Operation
   • USN Mine Countermeasure Ops
   • North Sea Mine Barrage
   • Post-war Minesweeping

North Sea Minefield (Roebling book)

Impact of Blockade on UK

Impact of British Naval & Economic Blockade

British Blockade of Central Powers (JSTOR)

Merchant Shipping (statistics)
   • Losses 1914-1918
   • Launches, 1914-1918
   • Net Gains/Losses, 1914-1918
   • Losses, Convoyed v. Independent
   • Losses by Qtr & Area

Bridge to France (e-book)

US Merchant Marine in WW I

U. S. Merchant Marine Losses

USN Cruiser and Transport Force

WW I Era US Navy Transport Ships (photos)

Statistics: US Troops Transported

Q-ships • More • More

• More • Photos

German Raider Emden

Königsberg Incident (East Africa)

Italian Torpedo Boats

US Navy Ships (Nov 1918)

USS Texas (detailed!)

Cage v. Tripod Masts in USN

Leaders of World War I

FM Sir Douglas Haig: Worst General in WW I?

Gen. Payton C. March, US Army CoS • Alt

Lord Earl Kitchener

The Generals of WW I
• Full Article (JSTOR - GT only)

British Milirary Leadership in WW I

Diplomacy in WW I

Diplomacy in WW I

World War I & Wilsonian Democracy (DoS documents)
• Diplomacy of the First World War

Diplomacy During and After the War (teacheroz)

WW I Aftermath (internal link)

World War I - Air

The War in the Air (portal)
• More • More • More

Birth of Military Aviation

Genesis of Aerial Reconnaissance

Aerodrome (Aces & Aircraft)

Triplane Fighters

Fighting the Flying Circus

The Red Fighter Pilot (Richthofen)

Night Defense of Britain WW I

Gotha Bombers Over England

Zeppelins

Zeppelin Offensive

Zeppelin Raid of August 1918

Impact of Zeppelin Raids on British Citizens

German & Allied Aeroplanes
• Color Profiles

Aircraft Used By Germany In WW I (by year)

Aeroplanes and Dirigibles of War

Airships in WW I & Interwar

Flying the SE-5

Flying the Fokker Dr.1 Triplane

Escadrille Americaine

Escadrille Lafayette • More
• Aircraft of the Escadrille

US Air Service in WW I (video) • Article

US Aircraft Production in WW I
• Liberty Engine

US WW I Flight Training (video)

Eddie Rickenbacker • More

Billy Mitchell's Air Armada

Billy Mitchell and St. Mihiel

Lt. Yeulett, RFC, DFC
• Raid on Tondern

Frank Luke, Balloon Buster

Boelcke: Rules for Air Combat

Americans Fly Italian Bombers

War As Viewed By American Airmen

Fighter Guns & Snychronization Gear
• Wikipedia

First Cruise Missile?

World War I Aftermath

The End of WW I (BBC)

Aftermath of WW I (Wikipedia)

Scuttling of German Fleet (June 1919)
• More • More • More • More
• Salvage Operations

Effects of WW I

Impact of Great War on Britain

The Peace Settlement (Tragic War, Futile Peace)

Paris Peace Conference (1919) • More

Versailles Treaty (Wikipedia)
• Summary • More

Versailles Treaty • Alt

Treaty of Versailles & Consequences

Versailles: The War Guilt Clause

Wilson's Problems at Versailles

Versailles Treaty: Compromises & Impact

Europe Afer WW I (animated map)

Why Was It So Hard to Make Peace?

N Russia Expeditionary Force (1918-19)

US Intervention, Russian Civil War
• More • More (cached)

US Troops in Russia (1918)
• More (8th ID)

Changing Views of Great War (UK)
• More (then & now)

Economic Consequences of Peace (e-book, Keynes)
• Alt (Guetnberg) • Review • Background

Economic Demobilization in US After WW I
• Full Article (JSTOR - GT only)

The Versailles Thesis: Roots of WW I & II

Effects of WW I (summary)

Allied Occupation of the Rhineland

Alsace Restored to France

US Intervention in Russia (portal)
• AEF in Siberia

Canadian Forces in Siberia

Aftermath of WW I (Wikipedia)

Casualty Statistics (internal link)

Misreading Clausewitz (re: WW I)

Treaty of Versailles

Progressive Impact of WWI?

Adolph Hitler in WW I
• More • Pvt. Henry Tandey, VC, & Hitler

Hitler & Remarque

Lessons of World War I

Lessons of World War I

Lessons of World War I Revisited

"Features of the War" (Fld Marshal Haig)

Relevance of the Great War

Rethinking Lessons of WW I

Who Won the War?

Wargames: 1914-1919
• Full Article (JSTOR - GT only)

Historian Commentaries (PBS)

Unlearned Lessons of WW I

Blitzkreig: Lesson of WW I

Learning Lessons in the AEF

WW I Cemeteries
• British Cemeteries
• Cemeteries in Belgium

American Cemeteries in Europe
• Somme American Cemetery
• Meuse-Argonne America Cemetery

Why World War I Resonates (NY Times)

Inter-War Years

The League of Nations

US Debate Over League of Nations (lesson plan)

Europe After WW I (1918-1931) • Multimedia map

Buildup to WW II (1931-1939)

World Events, 1918-1948 (timeline)
• Conflicts, 1918-1948 (timeline)
• Germany, 1918-1939

The West Between the Wars

Prelude to War Timeline (1933-1939)

The World At War (Versailles to Cold War)

Post-WW I French Attitude to Germany

Gathering Storm: WW I => WW II

War As Basis For Lasting Peace

Naval Limitation Teaties of the '20s & '30s (texts)

Washington Naval Treaty (1922)
• Document • Treaty Cruisers

London Naval Conferences (1930, 1935)
• London Naval Treaty (1930)

Lexington-class Battle Cruisers

French Treaty Carrier Bearn

Treaty Impact on Battleship Design (pdf) • HTML

HMS Rodeney & Nelson

Kellogg-Briand Pact (1928) • Document
• More (RCAH) • Background • More

Maginot Line (internal link)
• Video

Contra View of Maginot Line

Contra View of German Attack

Maginot Line At War (1939-1940)

Stalin and the Great Terror

British Intelligence, Interwar Years

Soviet Tank Development (interwar)

German & French War Tech • pdf

Origin of Blitzkriege, WW I - WW II

Blueprint for Blitzkrieg (HistoryNet)

Airborne Operations: The Forgotten RMA

The Road to War (timeline, 1926-1945)

When Did WW II Begin?

The Road to War - Asia

The Tanaka Memorial (c 1927)

Sino-Japanese War (1937) • Wikipedia

Nanking Massacre

US in China (interwar years, portal)
• Oral Histories

Yangtze Patrol
• The Unequal Treaties With China

US Subs on China Station (nterwar years)

V-class Subs (nterwar years)

Panay Incident (Dec 1937) • More • More
   • USS Panay (PR-5) (history) • Photos
   • History of US Naval Ops in WW II (v 1, p 16)
   • US Note to Japan (13 Dec 37)

Khalkin Gol / Nomonhan (USSR-Japan, 1939)
   • Least Known, Most Important Battle
   • HistoryNet • Alt • More
   • Siberian Light (Details & Significance) • More
   • Mil History Online • First & Final Battles
   • Road to War (USS Washington,com)

Khalkin Gol: Air Operations

Khalkhin Gol (Reader's Companion)
• Readers Companion

Khalkin Gol (C&GSC / Leavenworth) • pdf
• Japanese-Soviet Tactical Ops (Combat Studies Inst)
• Alt • Maps

Great East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere (1940)

The Road to War - Europe

Third Reich: Day-By-Day (1907-1939)

Adolph Hitler (biography) • More • More
• Lineage • More

Hitler's WWI Experience

Rise of Adolph Hitler (1889-1933)
• Triumph of Hitler (1933-1939)

Mein Kampf (discussion) • More
• Murphy translation • Dugdale Abridgement

Zweites Buch (Hitler's "Second Book," 1928)

Wiemar Republic

Fall of Wiemar Republic, Rise of Hitler

Timeline: Prelude to War (1933-1939)

Germany 1933 (map) • Pre-war Gains

Deutschland uber Alles

Third Reich Day-By-Day (Google book)

German Armed Forces, 1918-1935
• The Reichsmarine, 1919-1935

WW II Articles (der Spiegel)
   • WW II Timeline (Germany's Rise)
   • The Story Behind Hitler's Rise to Power
   • How Hitler Won Over the German People

When Democracy Failed (1933) • Alt

Establishment of the Nazi Dictatorship

Hitler's Lieutenants: Himmler & Heydrich

Reichstag Fire (Feb 1933)
• Reichstag Building

Did Hitler Plan For War?

Hossbach Memorandum • Document

Was WW II Inevitable?

Hitler's Plan for War (1933-39)

Historic Value of Mark vs. £ and $

Nazi Propaganda (1920-1945)
   • Nazi Propaganda Posters (pre-1933)
   • 1933-1945
   • Hitler's "Seig Heil" salute (video, 0:34)

German Reamament Propaganda (1935)

Triumph of the Will (background) • Video
• History & synopsis

Third Reich Scenes (then & now)

The Rhineland Following WW I

Rhineland Crisis (March 1936)

France & Remilitarization of Rhineland (JSTOR)

Munich Agreement (Sep 1938)
• Chamberlain's Statement
• Chamberlain & Hitler (National Archives of UK)

Road to War

Hitler, Man of the Year 1938 (cover, description)
• Article

Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact (23 Aug 39)

Axis Tripartite Pact (Sep 1940) • More

Germany Administration of Poland

Origins of the Second World War (AJP Taylor)
• The Taylor Thesis
• Origins of the Second World War Reconsidered (Martel)

Spanish Civil War

Spanish Revolution of 1936

Spanish Civil War
• Timeline

The Condor Legion in Spanish Skies

Bombing of Guernicia, Spain (Dec 1937)

Spanish Civil War: Lessons Learned & Not
• Full Article (JSTOR: GT only)

Bombing of Guernica (26 April 37)
• Guernica (painting: Picasso, 1937) • Analysis

US Debate: Neutrality vs. Intervention

Nye Report on Munitions Industry (1936)

Neutrality Acts • US DoS • More
• 1935 • 1936 • 1937

"Is Neutrality Possible for America?" (Nye, 1939)

"War & Peace" (Charles Lindbergh Speeches, 1939-40)

US Army Between the World Wars

US Strategy & Tactics, 1910-1939

Mobilization Planning Between World Wars

Evolution of Tank in US Army 1919-1940

US Weapons, 1910-39

US Army Louisiana Maneuvers (1940-41)

Eisenhower as MacArthur's Aide

US Naval Prep for Pacific War 1931-1941

Sea-Power in the Pacific (1921 e-book, Questia)

Advanced Base Ops in Micronesia (USMC, 1921)

US Color-Coded War Plans
• More

USS Macon (flying aircraft carrier)

The Army & Its Air Corps, 1919-1941

Court Martial of Billy Mitchell • More
   • More
   • Mitchell: Airpower Visionary
   • Ostfriesland Bombing Tests • More
   • Photo • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • w/captions

"The Bomber Will Always Get Through" (Baldwin, 1932)

Crash of the B-17 Prototype (1935)

Rendezvous With the Rex (May 1938)

Naming World Wars

Naming World Wars (Global Security)
• Official Naming of WW II

Return to Top

World War II

Why Study World War II?

The War: A Concise History

WW II Overview (GlobalSecurity - links)

WW II Overview (MoreLawInfo.com)

WW II Europe (Colby College)

WW II Summary (Moonie - detailed)

The US and World War II (Maddox, e-book)

Fighting the War (Williamson Murray, e-book)
• The Revolution in Military Affairs

The World At War (British TV series)

West Point Atlas: WW II (Europe) • Asia/Pacific

Maps of the World Battle Fronts (US Army)

Military Maps of the Second World War

Maps of World War II

Third Reich: Day-By-Day (1907-1939)
      • German Army Battles & Campaigns
      • Operation Barbarossa
      • German Weapons & Technology

War in Europe Timeline (The History Place)
   • Rise of Adolph Hitler (1889-1933)
   • Triumph of Hitler (1933-1939)
   • Defeat of Hitler (1939-1945)

The History Project (WW II essays)

Essays on WW II

Eyewitness to WW II (narratives)

Quotations From WW II

Causes of WW II (portal)

US Foreign Policy, 1931-1941 (US DoS)

Events Leading to WW II (1931-44)
• Europe • Asia & Pacific

Causes of WW II • Long Term • Short Term
   • Wikipedia
   • Three Approaches (essay)
   • Europe: Expansion & Failed Deterrence

History of Nazi Germany (Spartacus portal)

WWII Overview

WW II Portals
   • Wikipedia Portal    • Wikipedia
   • Xenophile Historian (scroll down)
   • BBC: World War Two * * * *
   • Channel 4 (UK)
   • World War 2
   • world-war-2.info
   • History Learning Site
   • worldwar-2.net
   • The World at War (chronological & stats)
   • Army Ctr for Mil History
   • Teacheroz
   • Miami Valley Military History Museum
         • US Army Units
   • Spartacus
   • Best History Sites (sites rated)
   • Military History Online
   • WW II Database
   • eHistory
   • History Link 101
   • Military History Online: WW II
   • HYPERWAR: WW II Links
         • Primary Source Doucments
   • Internet Modern History Sourcebook
   • HistoryNet.com (articles)
   • WW II Campaign Summaries
   • World War II plus 55
   • People at War (National Archives)
   • Digital History

WW II History Image Gallery • WW II DB

WW II Photos (The Atlantic)

WW II Timelines

WW II Timeline * * * * (detailed)
   • WW II Timeline (1931-1945) • Pacific
   • xtimeline.com
   • HistoryOnTheNet.com (major events)
   • The Second World War - Day-by-Day (detailed!)
   • WorldAtWar.net (diplomatic timeline)
   • WW II Linked Timeline (extensive! statistics!)
   • The War Goes Global (1940-1942, animated maps)
   • OnWar.com (WW II by day)
      • America Prepares for War (Nov '39 - Non '41)
   • Chronology of WW II (detailed, referenced)
   • WorldWar2.com
   • BBC (major news stories: linked)
   • WorldWar-2.net
   • HistoryPlace.com (1918-45, links, photos)
   • US Dept. of State: Mar 1938-Dec 1941
   • Grolier Online
      • By Topic • Images • Maps
   • eHistory
   • International Events (1938-1941)
   • Third Reich Timeline (1907-1939)
      • WW II Day-by-Day (1939 -1945)
   • Runup to War: Timelines & Documents
   • Epic Photos of WW II Timeline

Road to War in Asia (internal link)

Road to War in Europe (internal link)

War Begins in Europe (w newspaper headlines)

Declaration of War: Japan, 8 Dec 1941
• Germany, 11 Dec 1941
• Japanese Surrender Documents, Sep 1945

Hitler's Declaration of War (11 Dec 1941)
• Circumstances of Delivery to US
• Analysis of Hitler's Decision ****

World War II in Photos (The Atlantic)

WW II Multimedia Database

Pictures of WW II (National Archives)

Color Images of WW II

World War II Magazine • Archives

WW II FAQs

Lesser Known Facts of WW II

Essays & Docs (Historical Text Archive)

WW II + 55 (running narratives)

Axis Countries

WWII Multimedia Database

WWII Comprehensive Narrative

Essays on World War II

Stars & Stripes WW II Portal
   • Front Pages • Articles • Home Front Report
   • Bill Mauldin Cartoons
     • Shooting Jeep • Seeking a Company of Infantry?
     • Good to be captured by Americans • Got a target

WW II National Strategies

US Strategy in WW II (Google book) • Review

Allied and Axis GDP's

Strat Planning for Coaition Warfare

WW II Allied Grand Strategy

Europe (Germany) First Strategy
• "Europe First" Decision Factors

Command Decisions of WW II
   • Germany First
   • Japan's Decision for War
   • US Merchant Shipping to Support UK
   • The 90-Division Gamble
   • Logistics and the Broad-Front Strategy
   • Decision to Halt at the Elbe
   • Decision to Use the Atomic Bomb

Allied Strategy Conferences • Timeline
• Summaries • Map

Atlantic Conference (Aug 1941)
• Conference documents
• Atlantic Charter

Casablanca Conference (Jan 1943)
• FDR: Flying to Casablanca

Washington (Acadia) Conference (Dec 41-Jan 42)
• Details

Teheran Connference (Nov-Dec 1943)

Yalta Conference (Feb 1945)

Potsdam Conference (Jul-Aug 1945) • More

Churchill and the "Second Front"

German Strategy (Strat Bombing Survey)
• Allied Strategy

German Strategy (prewar)

German Strategy & Tactics Resources (e-books)

Hitler and World War II

Germany's Buildup to War (overview)

Germany in WW II (summary)

Why Germany Lost the War

Military Leadership Analysis of Adolph Hitler

Economic Considerations in German Strategy

Barbarossa or Sealion?

German Army Battles & Campaigns (cached)

German Strategy, 1942-45

German Army Expansion & Mobilization

German Economy & Strategy (JSTOR)

German Economy at War (JSTOR)

The Holocaust
• Holocaust Encyclopedia
• Madagascar Plan • Document (July 1940) • More

Japanese Strategy • More

Japanese Strategy
   • Japanese Strategy (1931-July 1941)
   • July 1941
   • Decision for War (Fall 1941)

Pacific War: Origins & Strategy (internal)

Oil Logistics in the Pacific War

Japan and Oil (case study)

WW II Map Resources • More • More
   • West Point Atlas: Europe • Pacific
   • Time Magazine Maps (Europe)
   • Wikipedia
   • Battle & Campaign Maps: WW II

The War Goes Global (Jun '41-Dec '42 - multimedia)

FDR and World War II **** (JSTOR)

FDR, the Media and the Coming of WW II

US Path to War (timeline: 1938-1941)
• Supporting Documents • More (Avalon Project)
• Chronology of Events (US Dept of State)

US Prepares for War (timeline)

US Pre-WW II Political History

Diplomacy & the Path to War (US DoS, 1937-45)
• US Foreign Policy Documents, 1931-1941

US Foreign Policy in WW II (lesson plan)

FDR & US Foreign Policy, 1932-1945 (e-book)

"How FDR Lied America Into WWII"

How FDR Failed America in WW II(Google book)

Legal Analysis of FDR's Role • Links

US Neutrality Acts (1935-1939, internal link)

FDR "Quarantine" Speech (1937)

FDR & Search for US Policy, 1937-42

Belligerent Acts Before US Entry

Fateful Choices: 1940-41 (Google book)

ABC Military Staff Conference (Jan-Feb 41)

Lend-Lease (March 11, 1941)
   • Lend-Lease & Military Aid to Allies (US DoS)
   • Lend-Lease Act (document) • More
   • Lend-Lease to USSR

US Preparations for War (1940-1941)

US Strict Neutrality, 1939-1940
• US Armed Neutrality, 1940-1941

Reaction to Peactime Conscription (Sep 40)

Destroyers For Bases (Sep 1940) • More • More
• Town-class Destroyers • More • More

Alliance w/ USSR & Lend Lease

War Powers Act of 1941

Iceland in the Second World War
   • British Invasion of Iceland (May 1940)
   • Marine Occupation of Iceland
   • US Marines in Iceland • Alt (pdf)
   • FDR Speech on US Occupation of Iceland

The Atlantic Conference (Aug 1941)
• Atlantic Charter • Documents

Attack on USS Greer (11 Sep 41; FDR remarks)

Origins of Pacific War (internal link)

U. S. Army in WW II • Alt • CMH Portal

Ten Things to Know About US Army in WW II

U. S. Navy in WW II • Overview

U. S. Marine Corps in WW II

U. S. Army Campaigns

Brief History of US Army in WW II

US Army in WW II (Hyperwar portal)

Mobilization in WW II (CMH)

Draftee Division: 88th ID Training & Deploymnet

Trng US Army for Future Victories (WWII examples)

Forging a Combined Arms Team

Defense of the Americas (CMH)
• Guarding the US & Its Outposts
• Framework of Hemispheric Defense

Weapons & Technology (internal)

WW II Home Front • Wikipedia • PBS
• Library of Congress • More • Civil Defense

US Home Front & War in 20th C (e-book)

US Home Front Issues (outline)

Attacks on West Coast of US

Balloon Bomb Attacks • More

Impact of War on Civilians in Hawaii (pdf)

Internment Camps • Wikipedia
   • Japanese-American Experience • Images
   • Relocation Centers
   • The Imprisonment of Ourselves
   • Executive Order 9066
   • Images of Manzanar • More Photos
   • Camps of California • Photos
   • Legal Issues

A People at War (National Archives)

Americans at War (Smithsonian)

Voices of WW II (radio clips)
• How America Heard the War (radio clips)

Propaganda (general: internal link)

Logistics (internal link)

Logistics and the Broad-Front Strategy

Mobilization in WW II (CMH)

Resource Mobilization (USA, UK, USSR, Germany)

Military Production in WW II (all nations)

Mobilization of the Home Front (portal)

Mobilizing For War (Digital History)

"Arsenal of Democracy": How it happened

"The Home Front" (Time, Jun 1994)

Housing for the Training Forces
• CONUS Soldier Life

US Naval Activities, WW II (by state)

US Economy During WW II
• Impact of War on Economy • More

Housing the Workforce (America In WW II)

Home Front Report (Stars & Stripes)

Homefront Magazine • Covers

America In WW II Magazine (homefront)

North Carolina on the Home Front

This Is Your War (Ernie Pyle, e-book)

Ernie Pyle: Column Excerpts

Life Covers • '41 • '42 • '43 • '44 • '45

The US At War (Time, Dec 22, 1941)

Auto Industry in WW II: Gov't Rules
   • Preparing for War
   • Conversion to War Production
   • Overview & Stats
   • Chrysler Goes to War (pdf)
   • Chrysler & the B-29
   • Chrysler Military Production
   • Birth of the Jeep
   • Autos to Aircraft • pdf

Air Force Plants

Air Force Plant 2 (Boeing)

America Goes to War (National WW II Museum)

America Goes to War (1942 newsreels)

Photos of the Depression & WW II (LOC)

War Production (PBS)

"Manpower" (video) • Alt

Women and the Homefront

Rosie the Riveter • More • Painting • More
• Rosie the Riveter in World War Two

Rosie the Riveter / Homefront National Park

Women in the Work Force (book review)

WAC (Women's Army Corps)

WASPS • WASPS and the B-29

Women at War (Redstone Arsenal)

Women's War Posters

Homefront Advertising (US)

Homefront Photos (Shorpy) • Homefront Color
• More • More • More

Family Scrapbook of WW II

Rationing in US • Wikipedia • More
• Ration Book • More

Victory Gardens

Spam Again (America In WW II, magazine)

Letters & Memories (Modern Maturity, cached)

Life in Wartime Washington DC

Baltimore in WW II (images)

San Francisco in WW II
• Seacoast Defense in San Francisco
• Fort Mason (San Fracisco Port of Embarkation)

Georgia in World War II (GPB)

American Pop Culture, WW II (music, speeches)

Patriotic Songs • Popular Songs

WW II Diary (photos, news clips)

Kate Smith and "God Bless America"

Voices of WW II (Radio Broadcasts)
   • The War Before Pearl Harbor
   • Radio Newscasts: Pearl Harbor
   • Home Front: How America Heard the War

"Watching the Radio" (America In WW II)

End of the War (closing months; celebration)

Radio clips: • VE Day, May 8, 1945
• V-J Day, Aug 15, 1945

V-J Day • Wikipedia

War & Recovery

President Franklin D. Roosevelt
• Fireside Chats • 9 Dec 41
• Fireside Chats with audio

Four Freedoms Speech (6 Jan 1941)
• Rockwell Paintings & story

State of the Union Address (6 Jan 42)

FDR as Commander-In-Chief

Canadian Military in WW II (articles) • More
• Planning & Mobilizing (Canadian Military Heritage)

Canadian Propaganda Posters

Early Days of WW II in Canada

Canada in WW II
• Home Front, 1939-40 • 1940-45

UK Home Front Portal (BBC) • Timeline • More
• More • Civilian Life • More • More
• Industrial Front

UK Home Front: Living With the Blitz
   • Timeline of UK Homefront • Evacuation
   • Propaganda Posters
   • London • Liverpool
   • Personal Experiences • More • More
   • First attack on London (7 Sep 1940, details)
   • ARP: Air Raid Precautions • Fire Watch
   • Blitz Bombing Campaign (internal link)

"Keep Calm & Carry On" (Daily Mail, 19 Oct 11

Know Your Ally - Britain (video, 42:06)

Home Sweet Homepage (Blitz life)

Cabinet War Room • Detail

Sinews of War (Imprl War Museum)

Rationing in the UK

Battle of Atlantic Impact (cartoons)

Civvy Street (life in London)

UK Home Guard • History

British WW II Homeland Deception

British Political Cartoons on the War

Churchill (LOC)
   • Churchill as Wartime Prime Minister
   • Churchill & US Entry in War
   • Churchill & Strategy for Victory

Churchill and the Gathering Storm

Churchill's Guiding Hand

Chruchill's Wartime Speeches
   • "Blood, Sweat & Tears"(13 May 1940)
   • "Finest Hour" Speech (18 June 1940) • Audio
   • "So Much Owed By So Many ..." (20 Aug 1940)
      • Audio

The Churchill Centre
• Churchill Bio • Churchill Myths

Propaganda

War Posters (portal) • Another (Minneapolis PL)
   • More (all nations) • More • More • More
   • International Posters
   • Posters of Persuasion (National Archives)
   • More • More • More • More • More
   • Posters & Photos From WPA
   • Home Front Posters • More • More • More
   • War & Liberty Bond Posters
   • Navy • WAVES • Marines • USCG

Political Cartoons of Dr. Suess (TheodorGeisel)

Propaganda Leaflets

G.I. Roundtable series
• What is Propaganda?

WW II Documentaries (HyperWar - downloads)

Allied Propaganda Films of WW II (list, Wikipedia)

Cinemocracy (WW II documentaries)

Video Clips of the Homefront (Media =>)
   • First pictures of American dead (Life, 20 Sep 43)
   • "You, John Jones!"
   • "It's Everybody's War"

Mobilizing A Nation • More (US Army History)

WW II Films
   • Entertainment/Propaganda
   • "Why We Fight" (Frank Copra) • More
   • "America Goes to War" (CBS)
      • More (detailed descriptions) • Wikipedia

"Manpower" (video) • Alt

WW II Propaganda Movies & Music

UK Propaganda Posters • More

Soviet Propaganda Posters

Hitler Background
• Timeline
• Speeches

Nazi Propaganda
• Posters, Pre-1933 • Posters, 1933-45
• Posters • More • More • More • More

German Propaganda Archive • WW II

Nazi Propaganda Films

Triumph of the Will • IMDB • More
• Scene by Scene

German Leaflets for US Soldiers (1944)

German Wartime Ads

German Saboteurs in US
• More • More • Resources

Resistance to Hitler in German Army

The White Rose (Anti-Nazi Resistance)
• More • More • More
• White Rose Quotes • Leaflets

German POWs in America (Florida)

Ultra: Codes & Codebreaking

Enigma Cipher Machine • Technical detail
   • Principle of the Enigma
   • Lorenz Cipher and Colossus
   • Other German code effots & countermeasures
   • Virtual Enigma (interactive - Mariners' Museum)

Codes & Ciphers in WW II

Bletchley Park
• Turing's Bombe
• Colossus Computer

Enigma Secret (BBC video)

Code Breaking Campaign

Enigma & Codes (Imprl War Mus)

Ultra vs. the U-boats • More

Enigma (Mariners' Museum)
• The Bombe and Anglo-American Cooperation
• American Bombes (Eastcote near RAF Northolt)

Enigma (NSA)

Enigma Machine • More

Enigma Machine Details • More
• Enigma Mail (simulation)

Ultra: Misunderstood Weapon

Cryptographic Math of Enigma
• Mathmeticians and the War Effort

Navy's Cryptanalytic Bombe

Turing's Treatise on Enigma

Army Experience with Ultra

Churchill & Special Intelligence

ComSec in WW II

SIGSALY (secure comm) • More • Photo

Cryptologic History

Navajo Codetalkers • Detail

OSS in WW II

Intelligence Bulletins

Unconditional Surrender & Demob

Post-WW II Links (Wikipedia)

Historical Consequences of WW II

Legacies of WW II (BBC)

How Allies Won (BBC)

Factors Affecting Victory

Casualties (by nation)

World War II - Land

Maps of WWII Campaigns

US Army in WW II (Hyperwar portal) • CMH Portal

Brief History of US Army in WW II (CMH)

Army CMH E-books - WW II
   • Reader's Guide (index) • Abbreviated
   • Commerative Brochures
   • American Forces In Action Series (e-books)
   • US Army Grnd Forces Studies • Other Topics

U.S. Army Campaign Brochures
   • Europe-Africa-Mid East • More
   • Asia-Pacific • More
   • Technical Services • Other Topics

Airborne Operations in WW II

Allied Airborne Operations in WW II

Up Front (Bill Mauldin)

Land - Europe

European Theater Overview

West Point Atlas (Europe)

WW II in Europe (animated map)

German Conquests in Europe 1939-42 (map)
• German Invasion of Western Europe (map)

Defeat of Nazi Germanuy 1942-45 (map)

German Armed Forces
• Wehrmacht • Rise & Fall (Time, May 1945)
• Know Your Enemy (US OSS, 1944 video)

Handbook of German Military Forces (TM-E 30-451)

German Military Machine
• Hitler's Foreign Legions
• Video clips of German ops • Photos

German Transportation System

Horses in the German Army • Alt
• German Horse Cavalry & Transport

Axis History Factbook

Mythos of Wehrmacht Superiority? • JSTOR (GT only)
• Col. Trevor Dupuy Rebuttal • JSTOR (GT only)
• John Sloan Brown Reply • JSTOR (GT only)

Analysis of German Military Power in WW II

Hitler's War Directives

Defense of Oslo (Apr 1940)

Maginot Line At War (1939-1940)

Maginot Line • History • More • Virtual Tour

German Panzer Generals
• Guderian • More • Quotes
• Rommel

Germany Attacks (staff ride)

Blitzkrieg • BBC • More • More • More
   • Development of Blitzbreig
   • Guderian and the Development of Blitzbreig
   • Blitzkrieg in Retrospect • Risks in 1940, 1942
   • Stuka Tactics
   • Blitzkrieg Revolution
   • German Reaction to Blitzkrieg
   • Development of term "Blitzkrieg"
   • Video • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5

Myths of Blitzkrieg • More
• The Blitzkrieg Myth (Google book)

• Myths of the War (Mosier)

End of Blitzkrieg, Death of the Wehrmacht (1942)

Blitzkrieg Revisted: Nazi War Planning
• Full Article (JSTOR: GT only)

German Operations & Campaigns (w/ maps)
• Operations & Campaigns, 1935-1945

Invasion of Poland (Sep 1939) • More
• German Invasion & Administration of Warsaw
• Bombing of Warsaw

Poland 1939: Birth of Blitzkrieg

German Fabrication of Incident

French Invasion of Germany (scroll)

The Phoney War • More

British Invasion of Iceland (10 May 1940)

Attack on Holland (10 May 1940)
• Bombing of Rotterdam

Belgium in WW I & WW II

Attack on Eben Emael • More
   • Background: Fort Eben Emael • More
   • Attack • Glider Assault • Pioneer Battalion 51
   • Video • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5

Operation Dynamo (Dunkirk, 1940)
   • More • Timeline • Statistics
   • Evacuation Photos • Maps
   • Multimedia (BBC)
   • The Little Ships • Port of Dunkirk
   • Theories on the German Halt

Battle of France (May 1940) • Maps
   • Animated Map (BBC) • Wiki
   • German Plan
   • German vs. French Tanks (German video)

France 1940: Blitzkrieg in the West (Google book)

German Breakthrough at Sedan (May 1940)

Analysis: German Victory (1940)

Compiègne - 1940 • More

Operation Sealion • Analysis of Plan
   • Battle of Britain & Importance of Air Superiority
   • Comparison: Sealion vs.Overlord
   • Sealion Wargame (Sandhurst 1974)

German Cover Ops Against Britain (1941)

European volunteers Against Bolshevism (video)

US Army in WW II: European Theater (e-book)

British Operations, European Theater (UK MoD)

The War Goes Global 1941-42 (animated map)

German-Soviet War (BBC)

Soviet-German War: Myths & Realities (e-book)
• pdf

German-Soviet War (Atlantic Monthly)

Stalin's Role in the Coming of WW II

Did Stalin Plan to Attack Hitler?

The Great Patriotic War (Vectorsite)

Soldiers of the Great War (interactive map ****)

Invasions of Russia (1202-1941, video)

Battle of Russia (Why We fight - video) • Pt. II

E Europe & Russian Front (1939-45 w/ maps)

Operation Barbarossa (1941: Wilipedia)
   • Portal (detailed) • More • More • More
   • Russian View
   • Barbarossa Images • More • More
   • German Mistakes
   • Barbarossa Revisted: Opening Phases (JSTOR)
   • Logistics • Air Operations

Red Army and the Debacle of 1941

Failure of Logistics in Barbarossa

Impact of Winter Weather

Barbarossa Analysis (June-Dec 1941)

Timing of Barbarossa: Hitler's Decision

Stalin & the Western Allies (PBS)
• Stalin Stands Alone • Maps

Siege of Leningrad (1941-1944) • Wikipedia

Soviet Strategy: Deep Ops, Defense in Depth

Soviet Defensive Doctrine (pre-March 1943)

WW II in Eastern Europe (1942-45)

German-Soviet War to 1943 (w/maps)

Battle for Stalingrad (1942-43) • Wikipedia
   • Urban Operations Case Study
   • PBS Video
   • Soviet Offensive (Oprn Uranus, Winter '42-'43)

Battle of Kursk (Jul-Aug 1943) • Details • More

Soviet Offensive of 1944

Forgotten Battles of the Soviet-German War

German Policies in USSR
• von Reichenau Order (Oct '41)

Hans-Ulrich Rudel, Stuka Pilot

Convoys to Murmansk & Archangel

The Eastern Front 1944

Russia at War 1941-45 (Russian view - extensive!)

Soldiers of the Great War (animated map - Russian)

German Mobilization 1942

Sportpalast (Total War) Speech (13 Feb 43)

Battle for Germany (internal link)

Mediterranean, Mid East & S Europe

Mediterranean & N African Ops (1940-42)
• More

Africa Axis-Allied (portal)

North Africa Campaign (animated map)

North Africa Campaign (World War II mag)

Field Marshal Montgomery

Operation Compass ('41-'42, animation)

Siege of Malta (Jun 40 - Nov 42)
• Oprn Pedestal (convoy battle; video)
• SS Ohio Arrives

North Africa 1941

North Africa 1942

North Africa 1943 (final Axis defeat)

Kasserine Pass (Feb 43) • More

Commando Raids & Operations

Royal Navy Commandos

British SOE (agents)

Dieppe Raid (Operation Jubilee, Aug 42)
• Order of Battle • More OB

Dieppe Raid (Mil History Encyclopedia) • Part 2
• Air & Naval Operations • Air Ops
• Lessons Learned

Dieppe Raid (Admiralty report) • Pt 2 • Pt 3 • Pt 4

Dieppe Raid (Military History Online)
   • More (olive-drab.com)
   • More (Combined Ops)
   • More (Juno Beach)
   • History's Raiders (video) • Pt. 2

Reasons For the Dieppe Raid (pdf)

US Army Rangers at Dieppe (e-book)

St. Nazaire Raid

Slapton Sands Incident

The Atlantic Wall • More

Atlantic Wall Museum • Obstacles

Early Plans: Roundup & Sledgehammer

War in Western Europe (Jun-Dec, 1944 - e-book)
• Part 2: Dec 1944 - May 1945

Hitler's Directive No. 51 (Nov 1943)

US Army in WW II: Cross Channel Attack (e-book)

US Navy in Europe: Operation Neptune (e-book)

Operation Overlord (Invasion of Europe)
• Operation Neptune (Initial Assault, 6-30 June 1944)
• Operation Cobra (Breakout, 1 July - 19 August 1944)

Normandy Invasion (Ctr for Military History) ****

Normandy (CMH e-book) • Strategic Setting

Normandy: Strategic Considerations
• More

Planning the Invasion (West Point e-book excerpt)

Applying the Lessons of Dieppe
   • Specialized Landing Craft • More
   • Specialized Vehicles
   • Increased Fire Support
   • Improved Arcraft Control
   • Provide Port Facilities (internal link: Mulberry Harbor)

Geographic Considerations in Operation Neptune

D-Day: Planning & Execution • More

Strategic Deception for Normandy
   • Operation Fortitude (deception plan)
   • More • More • More
   • Deception Bibilography

Attacks on German Rail System (Spring 1944)
• More (CMH excerpt)

Sealion v. Overload: Planning Critique

Normandy Invasion (extensive!) • Video
   • Weapons, Defenses & Maps
   • Invasion Conceived
     • Choosing an Allied Commander
     • Directive to Eisenhower
     • Anglo-American Chain of Cmd
     • German Chain of Command
   • Normandy Beachhead • Map
   • Fighting Inland
   • Battle in the Hedgerows (infographic)
   • Breakout - Drive to the Seine (Operation Cobra)
   • Normandy Revisted (1945-   )

D-Day Order of Battle & Movement Plan

D-Day Portal (detailed) • Maps • Photos • More
• The Assault • Operation Neptune
• Aircraft (profiles) • Landing Craft

D-Day Landings (UK MoD) • pdf
   • Deception Plan: Operation Fortitude
   • British Airborne Assault
   • Beach Organization
   • The Drive on Caen (Jun-Jul 44, pdf) • pdf
   • Breakout from Normandy (Jul-Aug 44, pdf)

Normandy Campaign

Normandy Campaign Maps (detailed)

Normandy Virtual Tour
• Overloard area, 1944 • Final Overlord Plan

Normandy Campaign Timeline (naval emphasis)

Animated Maps: D-Day (Flash)
• Normandy Campaign (Flash)

D-Day Portal (Mil History Online)

D-Day Photos • More

D-Day Video (intro) • Overview Video
• Narrated Campaign Summary (color, 9:58)

The Normandy Air Campaign

Airpower Over Normany Beaches (e-book) • Alt
   • 2TAF Over Normandy
   • Allied Bombing in Normandy
   • Airpower's Neutralization of German Navy • More

Eisenhower As Supreme Commander
   • Eisenhower Biography
   • Eisenhower Library & Museum
   • Eisenhower's D-Day message

Patton's Speech (June 5, 1944)

Cross-Channel Attack (CMH, e-book) • Alt

Omaha Beachead (CMH, e-book)

D-Day +60 (MoD Portal, cached)
• Planning & Preparation
• Deception Plan

Operation Neptune (details)

Invasion Overview • Another • Another

Allied Airborne Operations on D-Day
   • D-Day Minus One (US airborne prep & drop)
   • U. S. • More • Maps
   • British (Operation Tonga) • More

Troop Carrier Operations on D-Day
• Detailed Narratives • IX Troop Carrier Command OB

WW II Glider Pilots Portal • WW II Gliders
   • CG4-A "Waco" (Haig/Hadrian) troop glider • More
      • Detail Photos • More • More • Cockpit
      • CG-4 & Glider Troops • Cutaway • 3-view
   • Horsa troop glider • More
   • Hamilcar cargo glider
   • Assembling gliders in UK (RAF Greenham Common)

Pegasus Bridge (Oprn Deadstick, Caen Canal) • Maps
   • Details of Battle • More
   • More • More • More • Art Work
   • Pre-mission topographic report • Op Order
   • Recon photos (6 Jun 44) • More • Area photo
   • Battle site description • Pt. 2 • Photo (12 Jun 44)
   • Conclusions From Pegasus Bridge
   • Pegasus Bridge (Stephen Ambrose)

Pointe du Hoc

Forces Available On D-Day

Rommel and the Defense of Normandy

Ike's Decisions: Retrospective Look

Significance of Overlord

The Bedford Boys (personal stories)

D-Day Armada

US Coast Guard at Normandy

RN Amphib Forces (Combined Ops)

"Hobart's Funnies" (special tanks)

Mulberry Harbor • More • More
• Details • More • More • More

PLUTO (pipeline) • More • Post-war salvage

Rommel and the Atlantic Wall

von Rundstedt Report on Invasion (20 Jun 1944)

German Video of Normandy Invasion

Normandy Virtual Tour (staff ride)

Normandy Documents

War Correspondents At Normandy

Battle of Normandy (D-Day to D+84)

Southern France (Oprn Dragoon, Aug 44)
• Operation Anvil • Operation Dragoon

Normandy to Berlin, 1944-45 (naval emphasis)
• Newsreel Footage

Situation in W Europe (Market Garden case study)

Logistic Support (Sep 44-Feb 45, e-book)

Operation Market Garden (Sep 44)
   • More • More • More • More (pdf)
   • Market Garden Reconsidered
   • Animated Map • Aircraft
   • Battle for the Bridge
   • German View of Battle

Rhineland: Operation Market-Garden • Alt

Airborne Pathfinders

Dutch Resistance & OSS

Liberation of Paris

US Army v. Maginot Line (1944)

Battle of Hürtgen Forest • More • More
• Campaign Map • Aachen area map
• Fight for the Hürtgen Forest (USAMC, e-book)

Battle of the Bulge • Map (objective v. actual)
• Ardennes: Battle of the Bulge (CMH, e-book) • Alt
• Images • Narrative (99th ID)

Battle of the Bulge (BBC)

Airpower in the Battle of the Bulge

Battle of the Bulge Air Strike

Bastogne: The First 8 Days (S L A Marshall)

Airdrop Into Bastogne (WW II Mag)

Bastogne Narrative (WW II Mag)

Malmédy Massacre

Patton & Battle of the Bulge (MHQ, Winter 07)

The Battle for Germany

German Western Front (Dec 44-May 45)

Battle for the Rhineland (e-book)
   • Rhine Crossing (Operation Plunder)
   • Canadian View
   • Operation Varsity (air drop) • More

Remagen Bridge (Mar 45)

Battle for Germany (Apr 45)

Recognition of Hitler on the Run

The Battle of Berlin

Fall of Germany - April 1945
• Commentary & Analysis

End of World War II in Europe
• Surrender Ceremony & Documents
• More Surrender Documents

Reich Leaders on Reasons for Defeat

Aerial Photographs

Battalion Organization in WWII

Buffalo Soldiers in WW II (92d ID, Italy)

100th Division Portal

World War II - Sea

Maps: Naval Campaigns & Battles of WW II

US Navy in WW II (Hyperwar portal)
• Chronology of US Navy in WWII

US Navy at War (CNO's report) • Alt

Victory At Sea (David Kennedy, Atlantic) • Review

Victory At Sea (video series) • More
• Victory At Sea Online • Episode List & Details
• Music (background) • Victory At Sea theme

History of US Naval Ops in WW II (Morison)
   • Vol. 3: Rising Sun in the Pacific, 1931- April 1942
   • Vol. 13: Liberation of the Philippines
   • Vol. 14: Victory in the Pacific, 1945

US Naval Chronology, WW II

US Naval Historical Ctr Resources
• WW II Navy Oral Histories
• US Navy Art Collection

Naval Encyclopedia of WW II

US Navy Pre-War Activities

Early Casualty (USS Reuben James)
• Model & Details

US Naval Strategy (S E Morison)

Navy Dept. Communiques (1941-45)

Naval Aviation in WW II • More (articles, pdf)
• US Naval Aircraft

Warships of WW II (all nations) • More

Ships of WW II (profiles, specs) • USN ships

Allied Warships

Battleships of WW II

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Aircraft Carriers of WWII

Royal Navy in WW II (online book)
• RN Aircraft Carriers

Royal Navy Submarines in WW II
• Torpedo Attack

US Navy in WW II (online book)

Ships of USN in WWII (Hyperwar)

US Ship Construction
• Small Ship Construction

Submarine History 1939-45

Role of the Submarine in WW II

Analysis of Sub Warfare in WW II

US Torpedo Scandal (1941-43)

Amphibious Warfare in WW II (internal link)

U. S. Merchant Marine in WWII (internal link)
• Men and Ships • Losses to Mines

British Merchant Navy

Liners at War (UC, May 05)

Aircraft Repair Ships

Preserved US Ships of WW II

Kriegsmarine Ships (w/ profiles) • Photos

Anti-Submarine Warfare (WW II)

Atlantic/Europe

European Naval War Timeline 1939-1940
• 1940-1941
• Campaigns Around Britain (stats)

Battle of the Atlantic Timeline

Battle of the Atlantic Map • More

The War at Sea (Mike Kemble portal)

Kriegsmarine Encyclopedia

European Naval Campaign (1939-40)
• July 1940 - June 1944

British Occupation of Iceland (May 1940)
   • More

Battle of the Atlantic
   • Imperial War Museum
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   • HistoryPlace.com
   • The World At War
   • Royal Navy History
   • U San Diego (linked chronology)
   • Wikipedia
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   • Merseyside Maritime Museum (Liverpool)
   • US Merchant Marine • Stats
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   • The History Learning Site
   • U-boats & Battle of Atlantic
   • Unterseebootwaffe
   • Battle of the Atlantic photos
   • Mackenzie J. Gregory "Ahoy" Portal
   • U-boat "Sea Wolves" (video) • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5

Battle of the Atlantic (Morison, excerpts)
• 1939-43 • 1943-45 (pp 12-14, Allied views)

The Battle That Had To Be Won (Naval History mag)

Battle of the Atlantic Chronology & Stats
• Another

Battle of the Atlantic Glossary (& photos)

US & German Sub Warfare Theory & Doctrine

Defeat of the U-boats in WW II (JSTOR)

Battle of the Atlantic Articles

Atlantic Neutrality Patrol (pdf) • Pt. 2

USS Reuben James (31 Oct 41)
• Model & Details
• More (plus song)

Intelligence in the Atlantic War (JSTOR)

Adm. Karl Dönitz

Plan Z (Kriegsmarine expansion plan, 1935- )

The Mine Threat • More
• US Mine Losses

Convoy OS.33 (July 1942)

U-boat Operations (Uboat.net)
• U-boat losses

History of U-boats in WW II

"First Happy Time" (July '40-Spring '41)

Convoy Battles • Maps • Wolfpacks

Operation Drumbeat (Jan-Aug 42)
   • "Second Happy Time"
   • More • More • More • Book Review
   • Attacks off Hatteras • NY • More (pdf)

First US U-boat Kill (Apr 42 - detailed)

U-boat Archive

U-boat History • site map

U-boat War (Kemble)

Treatment of Suvivors By U-boat Crews

Laconia Incident (Sep 42)

U-Boat Bunkers • More

U-boat types • More • More • More
   • U-boat Photos • List of Boats
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   • Type XIV Milchkuh
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U-boat Details (virtual tour)

U-boat Technology • More

Walter (closed-cycle) Propulsion

German Torpedoes

German U-boat Rockets

Schnorkel (Schnorchel)

U-35 Wartime History

U-166

U-boat History: U-181

Sinking of U-352: First Blood

Capture of U-505 (4 Jun 1944)
   • U-505 history • More
   • U-505 (Chicago museum) • Moving U-505
      • The U-boat Menace
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   • Video • Images
   • U-boat.net
      • German Perspective
      • USS Guadalcanal (CVE-60)
   • U-boat Archive (photos & documents)
   • Capt.Dan Gallery (commander TG 22.3)
      • Oral history transcript • More

Captured German U-boats
• U-110 • Photo • U-505 • U-559
• U-570 • More

German Mini-sub Biber

FW-200 Condor

Fighting the U-boat
• Allied Ships & Navies • Allied Air Forces
• Air War at Sea

Defeat of the German U-boats (NetLibrary)

Battling U-boats in the Bay of Biscay

Battling U-boats in American Theater
   • RCN Anti-submarine Ops • First Convoys
   • Newfoundland Escort Force
   • Plans for US Involvement
   • More • More • More

ASW: WWI, WWII

"Sharks in American Waters" (1942)

Comparison: US & German Sub Campaigns

Operational Intelligence Against U-boats (HF/DF)

Detecting U-boats (Infographic)

Anti-sub Weapons

Aerial ASW History

Airpower in the Battle of the Atlantic (JSTOR)

U-boat Hunting Blimps • K-ships • More

US Navy Non-Rigid Airships
• WW II Convoy Escort • More
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Catapult Armed Merchantmen (CAM)
• Wikipedia • Ops Details • More • Model
• More • Video

Destroyer Escorts • Building DEs
   • History of DEs • In Atlantic
   • DE Actions in WW II
   • USS Francis M. Robinson DE-220
   • USS Slater DE-766

British Flower-class corvettes • More
• More • USN Flowers • USCG
• HMCS Sackville

HMS Mermaid (RN escort: narrative)

Hunter-Killer Groups (Mariners' Museum)

Escort Carriers • More • More
• USS Bogue CVE-9
• USS Guadalcanal CVE-60

Airpower & Battle of Atlantic (JSTOR)

US Navy Q-ships

Ultra vs. the U-boats • More
• Anglo-American Cooperation on Ultra

Defeat of the U-boats: 1943 (NSA)

Voyage of U-234 (book review)

U-869 Virtual Tour • U-869 Survivor

Rescue Ships

US Coast Guard in WW II
• USCG in North Atlantic
• Greenland Patrol

US, German Sub Campaign Results

Kriegsmarine ships • More • More
• Battleships • Cruisers • Raiders
• Aircraft Carrier

Battle of the River Plate (Dec 1939) • Map
   • Pocket Battleship Graf Spee • Wikipedia • Video
   • Langsdorff of the Graf Spee
   • HMS Exeter
   • HMS Ajax • Design detail
   • HMNZS Achilles (battle reports)

German Armed Merchant Raiders

Altmark Affair (Feb 1940)

Raider Penguin (video)

Raider Stier vs SS Stephen Hopkins (27 Sep 42)
• More • More

Attack on French Fleet, Mers-el-Kebir (Jul 1940)
• Operation Catapult • More

Attack on Taranto (Nov 1940) • Map
   • Royal Navy History
   • Fleet Air Arm Archive
   • Regia Marina Italiana in WW II
   • About.com
   • Description & Art • More • More

Bismark Chase (May 1941) • Details
• Ships Involved • Ship profiles & photos

Operation Rheinubung (Bismarck sortie, May 1941)

Battle of the Denmark Strait (May 1941)
• Loss of Hood

Bismark's Final Battle

Naval Intelligence in Sinking of Bismark

Battleship Bismark • More • More • Video

Battle Cruiser HMS Hood • Video

Channel Dash (May1941)

Battleship Scharnhorst

Battle of Calabria (Jun 1941)

Malta Convoys
• Oprn. Pedestal and SS Ohio (1942) • More

German Raiders • More • More
• Raider Atlantis • Layout & Data
• Raider Tactics

Operation Overlord (UK PRO)

Normandy Harbors: Mulberry • More

USS Augusta: • North Africa • Overlord

French Fleet at Mers-el-Kebir

USS Ranger Off Norway (Oct 43)

Destruction of Tirpitz By RAF (Nov 1944)

Russia Convoys
• Personal Experiences

Loss of Japanese Sub in Atlantic (RO-501)

Sub Rendezvous: U-530 & I-52
   • More    • More (scoll down)
   • History of I-52 (cargo sub)    • More

     Pacific

Pacific War Online Encyclopedia

The Pacific War (Strategic Bombing Survey)
• Overview (Wikipedia) • More

WW II and the Cold War in Asia (portal)

Pacific Theater of Operations (Hyperwar portal)

Pacific War Strategies (US Army in WWII)
   • Japanese Strategy (1931-July 1941)
   • July 1941
   • Decision for War (Fall 1941)

Japan's Decision to Move South (1941)

Pacific War: Origins & Conduct

Peace & War: US Foreign Policy 1931-41

Origins of the Pacific War (JSTOR)
• Full Article (JSTOR - GT only)

Debate on US Pledge to UK in Pacific (JSTOR)

Japanese Strategy, Early WW II

Japan's Original Strategic Plan
• Modification (1942)

Revised Japanese Strategy (1943)

Role of Emperor: Road to War (bk rvw)

Road to War: Diplomatic History

Japanese Legal Case for War

Japan's Quest for Empire 1931 - 1945 (BBC)

Japanese Occupation of Indochina (Sep 1940)
• Vichy Indochina vs. Japan

Indochina Occupation & US Embargo on Japan

Prelude to War in the Pacific

US Navy Planning for WW II

US Naval Strategy (Morison)

US Pacific Plan (pre-Pearl Harbor) • More

Pacific Strategy Conference (Jul 44)
• FDR Visits Hawaii (scroll to 28 Jul 2010)
• Role of Australians in Campaign

US Navy Comm Int (1924-1941) • Alt

War Comes to the Pacific (HyperWar resources)

Pacific War Timeline (1941-1945) • PBS • More
• More (w/ documents on occupation)

Events Leading to Attack on Pearl Harbor
• More

Victory At Sea (David Kennedy, Atlantic)

Collision Course in the Pacific (DigitalHistory)

Oil Logistics in the Pacific War

US Early Pacific Strategy (to 1943)
• Prewar US • Prewar Japanese

Strategy: War Plan Orange

WW II in the Pacific (extensive portal)

Pacific War Historical Society

Pacific War Campaigns (portal)

U. S. Navy Pacific War (portal)

USAAF in the Pacific War (portal)
• Early Experience (P-35 Pilot) • Original (cached)

Japan at War (portal)

Naval Air War in the Pacific

Major Pacific Battles

Pacific War Timeline

Pacific War Maps (USMA Atlas)
• More • More

Pacific War Animated Maps

Battle for Australia (good war overview)

Comparative Fleet Strength (Dec 1941)

Navy Communiques (Dec 41 - May 45)

US Preemptive Strike Plan (Nov 1941)

Aerial Reconnaissance in Far East

Admiral "Bull" Halsey (bio)

Pearl Harbor (Imprl War Museum)
   • Historical Background • Photos (1940-41)
   • Strategic Background
   • Preparation & Attack Details
   • Third Wave Debate

Pearl Harbor Attack Resources (HyperWar)

Planning & Execution (US Strat Bombing Survey)

Pearl Harbor Attack (Ctr Military History)

Intelligence Prior to Attack

Attack on Pearl Harbor (Wikipedia)
   • Naval Historical Center • Photos
      • Pearl Harbor Attack: Fact Sheet
   • National Park Service (Arizona Memorial)
      • Pearl Harbor Attack
      • NPS Lesson
   • MSNBC Interactive
   • National Geographic (multimedia map of attack)
   • PearlHarborAttacked.com
   • Arizona Preservation Project • More
   • WW2Pacific.com Details • More
   • Overview (Military.com)
   • War Times Journal
   • NavSource Naval History
   • World War II Air Power
   • Failure of US Airpower Early in War
   • Pearl Harbor Timeline (Time)
   • Pearl Harbor Timeline (deck logs)
   • History Place (timeline)
   • Time magazine (Dec 2001) • More
   • Pearl Harbor Staff Ride (C&GSC) • E-book

First US Shots of WW II (USS Ward)
• USS Ward • More • More • After-Action Report

USS Ward Victim Found

Overview & Images During Attack (NHHC)
   • Battleship Row • More    • More
   • USS Arizona & USS Utah Images • Alt
   • More • More • More • More
   • Photo Essay

Video of Attack (Battlefront series) • Pt. 2 • Pt. 3
• First Newsreel Footage (6:15)
• Aftermath of Attack

Details of Events at Pearl Harbor (NPS)

Articles, US Naval Institute

Pearl Harbor Map
• Animated maps of attack (WTJ)

Pearl Harbor Articles (Stars & Stripes, Dec 91)

US Subs at Pearl Harbor

CINCPAC After Action Reports

How We Underestimated Japan (Atlantic, Jul 48)

Why Weren't We Warned?

PH Attack - Congressional Hearings

US Ship Damage Summary (CinC Pac Flt) • More
• Audio-Slide Show
• Photos (including aerial)

Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard (history)
• Aerial Photo (10 Dec 41)

Salvage Operations • More
• Oklahoma & Utah Salvage (slide show)

USS Arizona Operational History
   • More • Slide Show • Images
   • USS Arizona on Day of Attack • Video
   • Battle Damage & Salvage

USS Arizona Preservation Project
• USS Arizona Memorial Interment Ceremony
• Submerged Cultural Resource Study (NPS)

USS Nevada • Images • Narrative

USS Oklahoma: Death of a Battleship (NPS)

Salvaging USS Oklahoma • More • PDF Briefing

USS Utah History

USS Utah Salvage • More

USS West Virginia Salvage

USS Shaw Duirng Attack • Recovery

AAF at Pearl Harbor • More
• George Welch • More

Memorials, Myths, Symbols of Attack

Orders of Battle (both sides)

How the Japanese Did It (Naval History, Dec 09)
• Underestimated Capabilities (US Naval Institute)

Double Edged Secrets (naval intelligence)

Japanese View of Attack • w/ Images
• IJN Propaganda Video (color) • More Video
• Documentary video

Japanese Operations Plans & Orders

Japanese Post-Mission Debriefing

IJN Ships in PH TF (and their fate)
• More • More • Silhouettes
• DD Ushio: Sole attack force survivor • History

Mitsuo Fuchida (attack leader)

Minoru Genda (attack planner)

Mini-Subs at Pearl Harbor
   • Mini-sub Attack Details (USNI registration required)
   • Mini-sub in picture? (USNI registration required)
   • More • Alt
   • Discussion
   • Mini-sub Ha-19 at Bellows Fld • More

First US Shots of WW II (USS Ward)

USS Ward Victim Found

Japanese Aircraft at Pearl Harbor

Japanese Ordnance Used In Attack
• Modified Type 91 Torpedo (image)

FDR's Day of Imfamy Speech
• Full radio boradcast
• Transcript & partial video

Nimitz

MacArthur • Detailed Biography
• Campaigns of MacArthur in the Pacific

Yamamoto • More (USN History)
• Yamamoto shootdown (Apr 43 - internal link)

Op Leadership: Nimitz vs. Yamamoto (pdf)

The Battle of the Pacific (Time, 29 Dec 1941)

Japanese Attack on Philippines (8 Dec 41)

Defense of Wake Island
• History of Wake • Photos

Old China Hands (stories)

Loss of Repulse & Prince of Wales (Dec 1941)
• Combat comic book

Early Pacific Raids (Feb-Mar 1942)
• Early Carrier Raids (pdf)

Second Attack on Pearl Harbor (Mar 42)
   • E-book • Honolulu Advertiser (16 Mar 09)
   • Backround on author (then-LT W J Holmes)
   • French Frigate Shoals • More • Map
   • Kawanishi H8K "Emily" • More

Japanese Sub Attacks on West Coast

The Tide Turns (HyperWar portal)

Doolittle Tokyo Raid (USN History)
   • Overview • Aircraft • Ships • Map
   • USS Enterprise site
   • USS Hornet (CV-8) • Video • Pt 2

Doolittle Raid (Army Air Forces in WWII)
   • After Action Reports
   • Doolittle's Report
   • Intellignece Service Report

Doolittle Raid (Wikipedia)
   • Doolittle's Raid (AF Mag)
   • Office of AF Historical Studies
   • NMUSAF • Interactive Exhibit
      • Interview Video • Alt (1980) • More
   • American History magazine
   • Airman magazine
   • Century of Flight • Alt
   • Video (9:29) • More (1:49)

Tokyo Raid - Planning & Tech Details
• Initial Concept Document • Preparations

Doolittle Crews & Mission Impact

Doolittle Raiders Site • Photos
• Reunion Site • Raider History

Pacific Carrier Battles (summaries)
• Pacific Naval Air War (images)

Pearl Harbor to Midway: Narrative

Battles of Coral Sea and Midwy
• Lessons Learned

Battle of Coral Sea • More
• CNH • eHistory • Combat Narrative

USS Neosho (AO-23, PH & Coral Sea - maps)

USS Yorktown - Coral Sea to Midway
• Damage to Yorktown at Coral Sea

Code Breaking in Pacific War
• Priceless Advantage (COMINT)
• J W Holmes & Application of COMINT

COMINT at Coral Sea

COMINT and Battle of Midway (USN History)
• Cryptopogy & Battle of Midway (NSA)

Midway: Implications of Information & C² (pdf)

Double Edged Secrets (WJ Holmes, e-book)

Operational Deception at Midway
• Origin of "Midway Was No Water" Ruse

Battle of Midway (USN History Cmd)    • More
   • FAQs • Photos
   • All Hands (pp 9-13)
   • Air Force Magazine (Feb 11)
   • National Park Service
   • About.com
   • Insights magazine (US Navy)
   • eHistory
      • Notes 1 • 2 • 3
      • Ensign Gay, Sole Survivor, VT-8
   • National Geographic

Battle of Midway Roundtable

Geddes Dioramas of Battle (detailed)

Midway OB • US • Japan

Midway: Fate of Participating Ships

Aerial Torpedoes at Midway

After Action Report: Mitscher-Nimitz
• Combat Narrative

Assessing the Significance of Midway

Midway: Lessons Learned

Midway's Strategic Lessons
• Operational Lessons • Tactical Lessons

Torpedo Squadron 8 (video) • Alt
• Ensign Gay, Sole Survivor, VT-8

Role of USN Dive Bombers At Midway

Japanese View of Battle of Midway

Why Japanese Lost • Commentary

Midway: Eastern Island airfield

Marines At Midway

Java Sea Campaign 1942 (narrative)

Solomon Island Campaign (1942-43)
• More • Maps

Battle of Savo Island (Aug 1942)
• Combat Narrative

The Sullivan Brothers

Guadalcanal Campaign (Vectorsite)

Battle of Guadalcanal (Nov 1942) • More

Yamamoto shootdown (Oprn Vengeance, Apr '43)
   • More (AF Mag) • More (USNI) • More
   • Lightning Strike: Mission to Kill Yamamoto
   • Who made the kill • More (plus artwork)

Attack on Hollandia (Mar '44)

Battle of the Bismark Sea (Mar 1943) • More

Marianas Campaign (Jun-Jul 1944)
• Marianas Turkey Shoot

Battle of the Philippine Sea (June 1944)

The Fighting Lady (video)

Battle of Leyte Gulf (Oct 1944)
   • Battle of Leyte Gulf.com • Strategy
   • Summary & map
   • Battle of Surigao Strait (Oct 1944)
   • Taffy 3 (escort carriers) • Photos • Photos
   • Battle off Sumar: Taffy 3 (e-book)
   • Kamikaze attack on escort carriers (photos)
   • Post-war comments from senior Japanese officer

1944 Typhoon

Okinawa Campaign

Kamikazes • More • Video • Infographic

Kamikaze Damage to US & British Carriers

Kamikaze vs. Carriers

Kamikaze Pilots

Sacrifice of the Lambs

Kamikaze Attack on Hospital Ship (USS Comfort)

American vs. Japanese Views of Kamikaze
• Japanese Views of Kamiikaze History

Radar Picket Line Around Okinawa • Map

Landing Craft in Support of Okinawa Pickets
• LCS(L) • LSM(R) • photo
• Mighty Midgets at War (book review)

Intro to WW II Ship Types

WW II Warship Recognition Drawings

US Ship Pictures (NavSource)

Naval Air War - Pacific • Photos

History of US Carriers In WWII

US Aircraft Carriers • More • More
• US Carrier Profiles (color & bw)
• US Carrier Action Video (color)

USS Lexington (CV-2)

USS Enterprise (CV-6)
• Carrier Action (video, c 1942)

USS Hornet (CV-8) • Photos • More
• History of USS Hornet (video) • Pt. 2

Essex Class Carriers • More
   • USS Essex (CV-9) • Video
   • USS Franklin (CV-13) • Slideshow
      • Father O'Callahan & USS Franklin
   • USS Lexington (CV-16) (w profile)

Independence-Class Carriers
   • Loss of USS Princeton (CVL-23)
   • USS Cowpens (CVL-25) • More
   • USS Langley (CVL-27)
   • USS Cabot (CVL-28)

Escort Carriers • More
   • Bouge-class (CVE-9)
   • Sangamon-class (CVE-26)
   • Escort Carrier ASW Ops

USS Salt Lake City (CA-25)

USS Juneau (CL-52) and the Five Sullivans

USS The Sullivans (DD-537)

USS Wadsworth (DD-516)

USS Hugh Burns (DD-588) Night Action

Saga of USS Laffey (DD-724)

PT Boats • Photos
• History of PT 109

Landing Craft (internal link)

Ulithi: Forward Base • More
• USN Fleet Logistics Afloat (e-book) • Assets

USN Sub Ops Against Japan

Pacific Sub War
• US Submarines in WW II • Photos

WW II USN Torpedoes

US Torpedo Scandal (1941-43) • Summary
• HistoryNet.com • More • More
• Reason for Failures • Tech Analysis

Location of US Subs on 7 Dec 41

Pacific Sub Strategy • Pt 2

US Subs in the Pacific (overview)

US Wolf Packs

Results of Pacific Sub Campaign
• Comparison of US & German Sub Campaigns

US Sub Ops Summary (Adm King)

US Sub Fleet Records
• Tonnage & Ships Sunk

Subs to Corregidor (1942)

Forward Deployment: Midway

Sub Tender Role in WW II

Sub Special Ops in Philippines

US WW II Submarine Technology

US Fleet Sub Tech Manual

US Fleet Submarine (interactive sutaway)
• Systems • Systems & Procedures

Virtual Sub Tour (USS Tang)
•USS Pompanito • USS Ling

US Subs in WW II (individual histories)

USS Cod (SS-224)

USS Growler (SS-215) & Cmdr. Gilmore, MOH

USS Bowfin (SS-287)

US Sub Losses (details) • More

PT Boats

Black Cat PBYs

P2V Ventura in Pacific

Codebreaking Against Japan's Navy

Information War in Pacific-1945

US POWs on Japanese Ships • Pt 2

Australia At War Coast Watchers

Mine Warfare Against Japan

Aerial Mining Campaign (pdf)
• More • More

Imperial Japanese Navy
   • Wikipedia
   • Photos (Naval Historical Center)
   • History (GlobalSecurity.com)
   •The Rising Sun in the Pacific (Morrison - preview)

IJN Innovation (pdf)

IJN Decisive Battle Strategy

IJNA Akagi (1942 propaganda video clip)

Yamamoto Mission (AF mag) • Comments

Yamamoto Mission (portal)

Marianas Turkey Shoot

Last Battleship Dual at Surigao

Sinking of carrier Hyuga • Alt

Sinking of Yamato • More • Photos

Japanese Submarines • More

Japanese Submarine Operations

Japanese Sub I-29 (history)

Japanese Cargo Subs
• Japanese Cargo Sub I-52 • More • More
• Japanese sub visits Germany

Submarine Aircraft Carriers • Sub Float Planes

I-400-class aircraft carrier subs • Details
   • "Airfields Under the Sea" • pdf
   • Wikipedia • HistoryNet • More • More • More
   • Aichi M6A1 Seiran float plane

Special Attack Units • More • More

Kamikaze • More (internal link)

Ohka

Japanese Suicide Subs (Kaiten)
• More • More • More

Suicide Boats • Operations

Japanese Torpedoes • More
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   • Long Lance: Asymmetric Weapon (pdf) • HTML

     Land & Amphibious - Pacific

Asia-Pacific Theater (Wikipedia)

Japan At War (articles & e-books)

Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945) • More

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The War Against Japan (American Military History)
• Pictorial Record

USMC in WW II (Hyperwar portal)

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West Point Altlas (Pacific)

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Amphibious Assaults of WW II

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• Aircraft photos

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Aleutian Campaign Timeline

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Marine Raiders in the Pacific • Alt • More

Carlson's Raiders At Makin Island (Aug 42)
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• LtCol James Roosevelt, USMC, at Makin Island

First Battle of Guadalcanal • More

Cactus Air Force (Guadalcanal)

Tulagi: The First Blow (Solomon Is., Aug 42)

Tarawa & Makin (Nov 1943) • Animation
• eHistory • Wikipedia • US MIAs

With the Marines at Tarawa (documentary, 18:25)

The Central Pacific in Global Strategy

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Marianas & Palau Campaign (Jun-Nov 44)
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The Western Pacific in Global Strategy
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Iwo Jima (Feb-Mar 1945)
   • History of USMC Operations in WW II, Vol IV
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   • Hyperwar Portal • More
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A Marine's Story (Basil Duncan: Saipan, Tinian)

Strategy for the Assault on the Japan

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Japan's Battle of Okinawa (Apr-Jun 1945)

Okinawa Campaign & Sinking of Yamato

US Pacific War (photos)

US Marine Tanks in WW II

Carrying for Wounded

Operation Downfall (invasions of Japan)
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Battleship Raids & Japanese Preparations

How US Approached End of War (NetLibrary)

Invasion Plans & Options (AF Mag)

Intelligence in the Final Months of the War (CIA)

Japanese Preparations for Invasion

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Marine Planning for Olympic (e-book)

The Invasion That Didn't Happen (AF mag)

Deception in the Invasion of Japan

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Japan's Surrender (NY Times article)

A Sudden Victory (Proceedings, Aug 05)

V-J Day (Wikipedia) • Radio Clip

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V-J Day and PC • More

Surrender Preliminaries (video) • More

First US Airplane Into Japan

US Fleet Gathers in Tokyo Bay

Japanese Surrender Ceremony (w/ color photos)
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Instrument of Surrender • Alt • Text & Discussion

Other Surrender Related Documents

MacArthur and the Occupation of Japan
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US Army in Post-war Japan
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Surrender & Ocupation of Japan & Korea
• Abstract • Synopsis

US Marines in Occupation of Japan • More

Military Government for Japan (1945, JSTOR)

Images of the Pacific War (Denver Post)

Why Japan Lost the War

Oil Logistics in the Pacific War

Pacific War in Retrospect

USSR vs. Japan (Manchuria, Aug 45)

Soviet Operations In Manchuria (Aug 45)

Entry of the USSR into the War With Japan

Soldier Stories

The Real War, 1939-45 (grim reality)

WW II Memories (AARP, cached)

Your Father's War

Dad's War

The Employment of Negro Troops (e-book)
• 99th Sq, 332 Ftr Grp

Rehabilitation of Army Prisoners in WW II

SLA Marshall: US Soldiers Firing Weapons

World War II - Air

USAAF War Chronology • More

USAAF in WW II (Hyperwar portal)
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WW II Airpower Lessons Learned (Arnold)

WW II Airpower (portal: Dan's History - cached)

Air War Portal (U San Diego)

AWC WWII Links

USAAF in World War II • More
• Monographs

AU WWII Airpower Links

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Women's Airforce Service Pilots (WASP)
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• More (Wikipedia) • Book excerpt

Fly Girls: History of the WASPs
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European Air War Timelines

Air Campaigns: N & W Europe (summaries)

Luftwaffe: 1933-1945 (Williams Murray, NetLibrary)

Battle of Britain
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      • Luftwaffe OB, 1940
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   • Animated Map * * * *
   • USAF Air University: Bibliography
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      • Battle of Britain Timeline
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   • Flight Journal • Alt
   • Battle of Britain Statistics
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   • RAF Museum Battle of Britain Collection
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Myths of Battle of Britain
• Myth: Churchill Knew About Coventry Attack
• Casualties from bombing

Who Won the Battle of Britin

Battle of Britain: German Perspective

How Luftwaffe Lost Battle of Britain (AF Mag)

Failure of German Intelligence & Planning

"Finest Hour" Speech (18 June 1940) • Audio
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Battle of Britain Narrative

Battle of Britain Video (Dateline WW II, 4:11)

Battle of Britain Newsreel Clips

Battle of Britain OB (May 1940)

Fighter Command OB Aug 1940

The Channel Battles (Kanalkampf)

RAF Tactics in Battle of Britain

Chain Home Radar

Developoemnt of British Radar
• Myths of British Radar (abstract)

German Tactics • Night Bombing

German Beam Navigaton (Knickebein et al)
• X-Gerät • Map & More

The Blitz • More • Casualties
   • Origin of term "Blitz"
   • Separating Myth from Reality
   • Impact of Blitz on Home Front (internal link)

Coventry (14 Nov 1940) • More • More

The Eagle Squadrons • More • No. 71 Squadron

Spitfire Mk I vs. Me-109E

Spitfire vs. Hurricane

Strategic Bombing In WW II • More

Strategic Bombing Survey (Europe) • Alt
   • Pacific
   • History and Analysis of Survey (AF mag)
   • Impact of Bombing on Germany (AF mag)

Strat Air War: Germany & Japan (e-book)

Planning the Air War Against Germany (1941)
• Hansell memoir • AWPD-1: The Process • More

Target Selection Process

Role of Bombing in WW II

Strategic Bombing Debate: WW II & Vietnam
• Full article (JSTOR - GT only)

British Bombing Survey

Analysis of Bomber Campaign

Bombing of Germany (PBS) • Review
• Timeline of the Air War, 1939-1945

Bombing of Germany: Cost, Accomplishments

Bombing of Germany & German Response

Combined Bomber Offensive • Map
   • Operation Point Blank (Jun 43-Apr 44)
   • Birth of the Combined Bomber Offensive
   • Overview • Analysis

German & the Strategic Air War in Europe

zLuftwaffe Over Germany: Defending the Reich

Operation Pointblank (1943)

Escorting Bombers (graphic)

US Aerial Bombs • More
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British Bombing Strategy (internal link)

Daylight Precision Bombing (AF Mag)

Bombers & Crews (Life magazine photos)

US Army Air Forces in WW II

History of the 9th Air Force • More
• Details • More

Masters of the Air (8AF crew stories-book)

B-17 Daylight Bombing Raid (video, 7:10)

Norden Bombsight (technical analysis)

Hamburg Raid (Jul 1943) • More (HistoryNet)

8th AF Combat Box Formation & Tactics • More

Schweinfurt & Regensburg Raids (1943)
• 17 August 1943
• 14 October 1943 (Black Thursday

8th AF at Schweinfurt
• Images & narrative

The Cost of Schweinfurt (AF Mag)

"Raid on Regensburg" (Feb 1944, crew narrative)

Bogus Charges Against Airpower

"Target for Today" (documentary video, 1:32)

Bombing of Dresden (Feb 45)
• Detailed analysis (plus stats on urban bombings)
• Dresden and the Law of War

15th Air Force • Bases in Italy

Oil Campaign • Chronology • Targets

Operation Tidal Wave (Polesti, 1 Aug 43) • More

Attacks on Synthetic Oil Production (AF Mag)

Trolley Missions (BDA-Germany, May 45)
• More Background • Photos • Photos

B-17F Flight Log (aircrew personal history)

British Bombing Strategy (BBC) • More
• Area Bombing Directive (Feb 1942)
• Bombing Campaign (1942-45)

Bomber Command • Portal
• Pathfinders • Tactics • Bases

RAF Bomber Crews

Air Marshall Authur "Bomber" Harris (bio)
• Harris:"Reap the Whirlwind" speech • Video
• More (Wikipedia) • Revisited

First 1,000 Place Raid (Cologne, video)

Operation Chastise (Dam Busters; RAF)
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   • Interviews with participants (video)
   • RAF Mission History • Images
   • Mission details; Guy Gibson • Images
   • Mission & Technical Detail
   • Aircraft • Weapon • Tech Details
   • Wikipedia Oveview • More • More
   • Dam Busters Portal • Book Review
   • RAF Museum - Dam Buster Exhibit
   • German Civilian Memoir

RAF Special Operations

German POW camps • More • List

Stalag Luft Portal

Dulag Luft (aircrew processing center) • More
   • Luftwaffe Interrogation of Allied Airmen
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   • Hans Scharff: Master Interrogator • More
   • Public Treatment of Downed Aircrew

Stalag Luft I • More

Stalag Luft III • More • More
• The Great Escape
• Fourth Tunnel at Stalag Luft III

Stalag Luft IV & VI

US POW Experiences • More • More

Soviet Bombers over Berlin (1941)

Air Offensive Against Japan (internal link)

USAAF in Mediterranean Theater

Pantelleria (1943)

V-Weapons

USAF Museum: WWII

Airpower On D-Day • More

Battle of the Bulge Air Strike

Aces of World War II

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Flying the Hump (1942-45)

Control Tower (WW II Aviation Iinks)

Aerial Badges & Wings of WWII

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Allied Bombers & Aircrews (Life images)

World War II - Aircraft

Great Planes of WW II

WW II Aircraft Portal (thumbnails)

Airpower Classics (AF mag)

Great Warplanes of WWII (profiles & photos) • More

Fighter Aircraft Comparison Graphic (Europe)

Best Fighter Planes of WW II (essay)

WW II Aircraft Photos (Mike Kemble)

WWII Aircraft Profiles • More

The Fighter Collection (warbirds)

Planes & Pilots of WW II (online mag)

Warbirds Resource Group

Index of WW II Aircraft

WWII Aircraft Cockpits

WW II Fighter Gun Effectivemess

Historic Aircraft, Missions, People

US Aircraft of WW II • More • More

WW II Aircraft Tng Films

USAAF Aircraft (thumbnails, cached)

Planes & Pilots of WW II

WW II Test Pilots
• Flying Prototypes

Aces Comment on US Fighters

8th AF Fighter Command
• A/C & Markings

P-38 Lightning (detailed history) • More
• Flying the Lightning
• Training Film • Photos

P-39 Airacobra • Details

P-40 Warhawk • Details
• P-40 History & Profile (AF Mag, pdf)
• P-40s Launched From Aircraft Carriers

P-47 Thunderbolt (history) • Details
• Training Film

P-47 Strengths & Weaknesses

Capt. Gabby Gabreski, Two-War Ace

Capt. Robert Johnson, Ace

A Fighter Pilot's Story (P-47)

P-51 Mustang (history) • Details
• Profile Views • Detailed 3-views

Flying the P-51

P-51: Impact on European Air War
• Graphic (P-51 technical impact)

P-61 Black Widow • Training Film

Great Fighters: ME-109 vs. P-51

Flying Tiger Portal
• Flying Tiger History
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Chennault and the Flying Tigers

WW II Aviation Links

WW II Fighter Performance

Aircraft Information & Sideviews

WW II Aircraft Photos

Nose Art

Heavy Bomber Portal

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Douglas A-26 Invader • More

B-17 Fortress (detailed history)
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B-17 Details • Virtual Tour
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• Training Film

B-17 Shoo Shoo Baby

B-17 Memphis Belle • History • Photos
   • The Odyssey of Memphis Belle
   • 91st Bomb Group (H)
   • Documentary • Notes on Documentary

B-17 Narrative (B-17 Ring)

Margaret Bourke-White B-17 Msn

Bob Steven's B-17 Cartoons

Flying the B-17 • Training Film

Return of Shoo-Shoo Baby

Epitaph to Lady Be Good

B-17 Battle Damage • More
• Piggyback B-17s • Photos

Flying the B-17 and B-24

B-17, B-24 Interior Photos • Pt 2

Iconic Bomber: B-17 vs. B-24
• Comparitive Study • Another
• Discussion • More • More • More

Aircraft Survivability: B-17 & B-24

B-24 Liberator (portal) • History
• History & Profile View (pdf)

B-24 Training Film

Willow Run B-24 Factory (photos; slow)

B-25 Mitchell (detailed history) • More

B-25 Training Film

Marine PBJ (B-25) Ops

B-26 Maruader (detailed history) • More
• Combat History • More • Training Film

B-26 Marauder.com • Mission Photos

B-26: 22nd Bomb Gp - Pacific

B-26 Nose Art

B-29 Superfortress

B-29 History • More • More • More
• Birth of the B-29 (video, 20:11)
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USSR Copies B-29
• Fighter Tactics Against B-29 (RAF video, 1948)

Strategic Bombing of Japan (internal link)

P-61 Ops in Pacific (B-29 shoot down)

US Navy Aircraft of WW II
• Color 2-view drawings

F4F Widcat (detailed) • More
• Links & Profile View

F6F Hellcat (detailed) • More
   • History • Mpre (AF mag)
   • History & Profile View (pdf)
   • Links & Profile View
   • Training Film

F4U Corsair (detailed) • More
   • Links & Profile Views
   • Training Film
   • Charles Lindbergh in SW Pacific

British WW II Aircraft

Mosquito

Spitfire • History & Profile View (pdf)

Hurricane • More

Spitfire vs. Hurricane

Avro Lancaster • Wikipedia • Profile View

RAF Bombing Campaign-Lancasters

Lancaster Crew Member's Story

Lancaster Virtual Interior Tour

Short Stirling

Fleet Naval Air Arm Aircraft

French WW II Aircraft • More

French Bombing of Berlin

Soviet WW II Aircraft

Luftwaffe Aircraft • More

Luftwaffe Technical Details

Luftwaffe Resource Page • More

KG200 - Secret Squadron • More • More
• More (cached) • Captured B-17s (Do 200)

Aircraft Captuered by Luftwaffe

Arado 234 (detailed history)

Arado 234 (w/ video)

Do335 Arrow

FW-190

Me-109 • More

Me-163 Komet • Portal • Photos
• Me-163 Test Pilot Narrative

Me-262 Schwalbe (detailed history)

Me-262 Pilot's Narrative

Me-262 Portal • Photos

Captured Luftwaffe Aircraft

Luftwaffe General Adolf Galland

Hans-Ulrich Rudel, Stuka Pilot

The Stuka Terror (AF Mag)

German Fighter Tactics (Dicta Bolcke)

Luftwaffe Close Air Support

Italian WW II Aircraft

Japanese Aircraft of WW II (portal)

Japanese Aircraft Terminology • Background

Japanese Army Aircraft

Ki-61 Hien (Tony) (detailed history)

Japanese Navy Aircraft • More

A6M Zero (Zeke) (detailed history)
   • More • More • More • More
   • First captured Zero
   • Evaluating the Zero • Performance Specs

Saburo Sakai on the Zero (interview) • More

IJN Air Tactics (Sasamu Komachi, fighter pilot)

Great Fighters: Zero vs. Wildcat

Kawanishi H8K "Emily" • More

IJ Navy Air Force in WW II

Thunder Gods & Kamikazis • More

Why Kamikazi Volunteered

Kamikazi Instruction Manual

Japanases Balloon Bombs • More • More
• Links • Links

Japanese Plans Against Canal • Alt

Japanese Bombing of Oregon

Strategic Bombing of Japan • More
   • Strategic Bombing Survey: Japan
   • Role of Bombing in Ending the War
   • Planning the Bombing of Japan
   • The Last Bomb (video, 1 of 4)
   • Video (Aug 43-Jun 44) • Oct 44-Aug 45

Bombing Japan From China

Air Offensive Against Japan • More

B-29 Memorial (portal)

B-29: CBI, Marianas (profiles)
   • B-29 Island Airfields
   • Life at North Field, Guam
   • Saipan & Tinian Ops
   • 73d Bomb Wg

B-29 & Ops Against Japan

B-29 Operational Units • 315th Bomb Wing (VH)

Operation Matterhorn (B-29's in China)

Tokyo Fire Raids (1945)

McNamara on Bombing Japan (Fog of War)

Psywar Leaflets Against Japan

Operation Starvation (mine laying)
• More (pdf) • More (pdf)

Last Raid on Japan (14-15 Aug 45) • Alt

Incendiary Bombs

B-29 Mission to Tokyo (narritive)

B-29 Superfortress Details (internal link)

Weapons, Tactics & Technology

Weapons Manuals (HistoryNet graphics)

Weapons & Tactics (Spartacus)

Tactics of the Wehrmacht

Wehrmacht Fallscherimjager (paratroops)

Encyclopedia of Weapons of WW II (e-book)

WW II Weapons (Wikipedia, extensive)

Weapons & Technolgy ( => Interactive charts & maps)

WW II Technology Overview
• By Country

WW II Technology (IEEE) • Exhibit

WW II Technology Chronology

Military Vehicles • ID Charts

The Jeep • Wikipedia • More • More • Photos

Tanks of WW II (specs & drawings)
• More • More • More • Comparison Graphic
• German & US Armor & Artillery Graphics

WW II Armor Articles

US Trank Production - WW II

M3 Grant Medium Tank

M4 Sherman Medium Tank
• Sherman variations (graphic) • Alt

Soviet T-34 • Details

German Weapons & Technology

German Tank Production - WW II

Panzer Site
• German Tank Details • More

PzKpfw-series I thru VI (profile images) • Alt

Panzerkampfwagen I (Pz Kpfw I, details)

Panzerkampfwagen II (Pz Kpfw II, details)

Panzerkampfwagen III (Pz Kpfw III, details)

Panzerkampfwagen IV (Pz Kpfw IV, details) • More

Tiger Tank • Technical Graphic

Char vs. Panzer

French Tanks of WW II (video)

Infantry Anti-Tank Weapons
• Allied AT Weapons • AT Guns

Infantry Weapons of WW II
   • By country • More
   • US & UK Infantry Weapons • More • More
   • US Infantry Weapons
   • US & German Infantry Weapons

US Machine Gun Tactics

US Body Armor • US Equipment

Axis Firearms (by type)

German Weapons • More

German Infantry Weapons of WW II
   • More (photos) • Video (13:51)
   • Rifles, SMGs & Assault Rifles
   • MP-44: First Assault Rifle

Maschinegerwehr 42 (MG-42)

Fallshirmjagergewehr 42 (FG-42, light MG)

German Infantry AT Weapons

Panzerfaust (AT weapon)

German Anti-Tank Guns

German Night Vision Equipment (Nachtsichtgeraten)
• ZG 1229 Vampyr IR Scope on MP-44 (photos)
• Tank-mounted IR Devices • More

Tank vs. Plane

German High Technology Weapons

Germany's Secret Weapons of WW II (e-book)

German Super Weapons • Photos
   • V-1 (Wikipedia) • More • Cutaway
   • V-1 Impacts in Kent
   • V-2 (A-4) (Wikipedia) • Photos
   • V-3 • V-3 Development Graphic

British Response to V-1 & V-2 (UK Archives)

War Against Hitler's Vengeance Weapons (e-book)

EMW A-6 Research Aircraft Proposal • Photo
• Missiles & Smart Bombs
• Atomic Bomb • Bio/Chemical Weapons

Hilter and the V-2 (JSTOR)

Missile Defense in WW II

Early Jet Aircraft Develpment (cached)
   • Early Jet Timeline
   • Whittle History • More • Bio
   • Whittle Engine • First Engine • More
   • Whittle and E28/39
   • Gloster E28/39 ; • More
   • Whittle and the P-59

Italian Jet Development

Oprn Lusty (German aircraft recovery) • More
• Oprn Lusty & Freeman Field IN
• Video • Video • Video

Operation Paperclip (Recovery of German scientists)

Ice Ships • Concrete Ships • At Normandy

Blind Bombing, c 1944

History of Guided Weapons

Azon Bomb

Guided Bombs

Project Aphrodite (remote control bombers)

Project Pigeon • More • Wikipedia
• More (scroll to BF Skinner) • Vectorsite

Bat & Bird Bomb Projects

Bat Bombers (AF Mag) ; • Wikipedia

RAZON Bomb (Shipboard A/C Handling)

Brodie System (Shipboard A/C Handling)

Radio Proximity (VT) Fuses

Technical Secrets of WW II (bond drive video)

A-Bomb Development & Use

Race For the Bomb (Germany & Japan)

A-bomb Timelines: • Prewar
• Allies • Germany

Story of the A-Bomb (eHistory)

German Research

German Scientific Debate • More
• Farm Hall Transcripts

Japan's A-bomb Work • More
   • German Uranium for Japan
   • Japan's Nuclear Program (FAS)
   • Japan's Secret War (bk rvw) • More
   • Bibliography

Soviet Nuclear Espionage

German Uranium for Japan

Berkeley Summer: Building the Bomb

Manhattan Project **** (DoE)
• Chronology
• Making the Atomic Bomb (DOE e-book)

Manhattan Project
   • Wikipedia • Timeline
   • Video (Modern Marvels) • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5
   • Los Alamos National Baboratory
   • Nuclear Weapon Archive
   • University of Texas (Bracchini)
      • Key Participants
      • Debates on Use of Bomb
   • 509th Composite Group
   • Smyth Report (first public release)

Cost of Manhattan Project

The First Nuclear Weapons (technical)

Project Trinity • "The Gadget" (photo)

Trinity Test Site • Alt

A-bomb Development & Deployment
• More • More (cached)

Scientific History of the A-bomb

History of Atomic Bomb (AF)

Story of the Atomic Bomb (eHistory)

A-Bomb History & Mechanics

Project Alberta (A-bomb delivery R & D)
• Pumpkin (practice) Bomb • Video

Little Boy & Fat Man

Little Boy (detailed) • More
• Interior Detail • Schematic

Fat Man (detailed) • More
• Interior Detail • Schematic

B-29 and the A-bomb

Project Silverplate History • Missions
• Silverplate modifications
• Silverplate B-29s (509th Comp Gp tail numbers)

Enola Gay • More • Crew & Weapons
• Enola Gay Restoration • Artwork

509th Composite Gp (photo history)
• Tinian Photos

BrigGen Paul Tibbets Site

A-Bomb Development, Decision (DoE pdf)
   • More (portal) • More
   • The Decision to Drop the Bomb
   • Decision Chronology (1945) • More
   • A-bomb Decision graphic (WW II mag)
   • Truman tells Stalin • More
   • Stalin Knew • More
   • Decision Background • More
   • Truman & A-Bomb Decision (AF Mag) • Alt

Documents on A-bomb Decision • More
   • Bibliography
   • FDR, Truman & Decision Continuity • pdf
   • Command Decisions (CMH)
   • Army C&GS paper (detailed)
   • Essay (detailed)
   • American Heritage (w/ timeline)
   • CIA (SIGINT issues)
   • Military v. Diplomatic History Views (Airpwr Jrnl)
   • History, Ethics and the Bomb (AU Review , 1966)
   • Essay - Alternate Strategies
   • Strategic Bombing Survey Discussion

Ethical Debates on Decision: Pro & Con
• Consequences of Decision

Effects of A-bomb Missions

Hiroshima: Was It Necessary?
• Summary • Notes

If A-bomb Had Not Been Use (Atlantic, Dec 46)

Why Truman Dropped Bomb • More

Decision: False Pretense?

Bombing & Decision to Surrender (Time)

Invasion: Alternative to A-Bomb?

A-Bombings Reconsidered (1995, ProQuest)

HST First Speech to Congress (16 Apr 45)

Truman Warns Japanese (7 Jun 45. video)

Truman's Ultimatum to Japan (BBC mocumentary)

A-Bombings of Hiroshima & Nagasaki
• Alt (Manhattan Engineering District Report)

Hiroshima Mission (details, AF Mag)

Hiroshima Hypocenter & Aim Point

Eyewitness to Hiroshima

Hiroshima Archive • Photos

Nagasaki Mission • Cloud Video
   • Near Failure at Nagasaki (AF Mag)
   • Commander's Narrative (Sweeny: audio)
   • Nagasaki BDA (Sep 45) • BDA video (Bill Camp)
   • Nagasaki Ground Zero (photo map) • Map

Remembering Nagasaki

Remembering Hiroshima & Nagasaki

Tale of Two Cities
• Video BDA (Army documentary)
• Hiroshima BDA map • Nagasaki BDA map

The Third Bomb

Truman Announces Bomb (audio)

Truman Statement (6 Aug 1945) • Alt • Alt

Japanese Surrender Debates

Surrender Acceptance (15 Aug 45, video)

Japan's Stuggle to End the War (USSBS)

Documents Relating to Japan's Surrender

Japanese Capitulation (USN Historical Ctr)
• First Contact w/ Japanese (Ie Shima, 14 Aug 45)

Japanese End Game in WW II (JSTOR)

US Navy Entrance into Tokyo Bay

Surrender Ceremony (2 Sep 45, video)
• Victory Flyover (Tokyo Bay, photos)

The Smithsonian & Enola Gay (AF Mag)
• Chronology
• Background • Editorials & Essays

World War II: Reprise

Bogus Charges Against Airpower

Analysis of the Strat Bombing Survey (AF Mag)

Turning Point(s) of WW II?

Impact of A-Bombs on Role of Air Power (1946)

Evaluation of A-Bomb as a Mil Weapon (1947)
• Original Document • Printable PDF

Japan Remembers Kamikazes (Atlantic, Mar 2001)

Post-War Occupations

Lessons From the Occupation of Germany

Legacies of World War II

Nuremberg Trials

War Crimes: American Prosecutions • More
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War Crime Trial Locations (map)

Legacies of WW II (BBC)

Post-WW II World Order (1942 map #44)

The World At War (Versailles to Cold War)

Military Operations - WWII & beyond

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What We Should Have Done (DuPuy, pdf) Case For Vietnam (Rostow, '96) Lessons of Vietnam (interview) The Use of Military Force (article) Intelligent & Vietnam (DoS TS Study) Vietnam in Perspective (strategy, ROE) Rolling Thunder: Lessons For Today From Vietnam to Desert Storm (AF Mag) • DS: The Right Lessons from Vietnam Easter Offensive Lessons For Gulf War Vietnam and the Failure of Containment Vietnam: Lessons Learned (USMC CSC) Analogies: Am Revolution & Vietnam War Ten Lessons From Vietnam War Lessons from Vietnam - Tet Plus 30 Examining the Myths of the Vietnam War Lessons of Vietnam & Soviet Foreign Policy (JSTOR) Doctrines, Strategies and Outcomes of the Vietnam War (JSTOR) Lessons From Vietnam (Melvin Laird, Nov 05) • Alt Mayaguez Incident (May 1975 - Guilmartin) • More (Wikipedia) • More (AF Mag) Iran Hostage Rescue Mission Operation Eagle Claw (Iran, Apr 1980) • More (Wikipedia) • Survivor Interviews (Airman) • Implications • Lessons Learned Desert One Debacle (Apr 80) • Print article Operation Eagle Claw (detailed) • Weapons & Tactics • Mission Execution • Pt 2 • Lessons Falkland War (1982) Falkland War Chronicle Falkland War (Britains Small Wars) • Sea War • Air War • Avro Vulcan and Black Buck Missions • Land Battles • Air-Sea Battles, 25 May 1982: Argentine View • Exocet Missile Attacks (Zampini) • SAS Operations Battlefield Falklands (video) • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 Falklands Newsreels • 2 • 3 • 4 • 7 Lessons: Falklands War (Cordesman, e-book) Falklands Campaign Maps • Tactical Maps Battle Axis of the Falklands War (e-book) Falkland War Portal Falklands Detailed History (eBookshare) Falklands War (National Military Museum, UK) Falklands War Overview • More Falklands War Analysis Lessons of Falklands War (pdf) Falklands Legacy Falklands War Portal • Another Falklands War Order of Battle Interview w/British Commander Falklands Remembered Loss of HMS Sheffield History and Commentary Falklands Air War • More (AF Mag) Airpower Lessons Aircraft Carriers in Falklands HMS Broadsword in the Falklands British Aircraft Modification Efforts Operation Black Buck (Vulcan bomber raids) • More Argentine AF (FAA) Site • Actual Site Iran-Iraq War (1980-1988) Iran-Iraq War • Synopsis • Portal • Iraqi Offensives (1980-82) • Iraqi Retreats (1982-84) • The War of Attrition (1984-87) • Tanker War (1984-87) • Alt • Lessons Learned • pdf • Oprn Earnest Will • More Iran-Iraq War Video (Modern War series) Iranian View Analysis of the Iran-Iraq War (Cordesman) • Lessons of Iran-Iraq War International Law Implications Iran-Iraq War Map Economic Impact on Tanker Industry Operation Earnest Will (tanker escort, 1987-88) • Tanker Bridgeton Incident • Iranian Mine Laying Attack on USS Stark (1987) Mining of Samuel B. 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Why We Did Not Go to Baghdad Cheney Defends Decision to Stop (1992) • More WMD Lessons (Scuds, ABC Weapons) Analysis of the Gulf War Eagle in the Desert: Looking Back on Gulf War (Google book) Revisiting the Gulf War (Summers) • pdf How the War Was Won (Dupuy, 1991) Myths of the Gulf War: Lessons Not to Learn What Gulf War Tells About Future of Conflict • JSTOR version (GT only) Impact of Technology & Training on Gulf War • Full Article (JSTOR: GT only) Realities of Opposed Amphibious Assault Why Gulf War Served National Interest (Atlantic, July 1991) Why Gulf War Was Not in National Interest (Atlantic, July 1991) Desert Storm: The Soviet View Gulf War Syndrome Gulf War Syndrome (explanation) Gulf War Illnesses (DoD) • Timeline (DoD) • Final Report: Gulf War Vet Illnessses • Dissenting View • Missing Files Exposure to Chemical Agents (DoD) • Use of Chemical Agents in Gulf (CIA) • Khamisiyah Pit Demolition Maps Chem Agent Resistive Coatings (CARC) AF Magazine Articles Statistics From the Storm (AF Mag) Gulf War Facts Gulf War Overview (Iraqi) Gulf War Archive (Iraqi) Friendly Fire (statistics) Friendly Fire in Gulf War (AF Mag, Dec 91) • Freindly FIre Incident (detailed) Desert Storm War Stories The Unseen Gulf War (photo essay) Armored Vehicles: • M-1 Abrams • M2/M3 Bradley Artillery: M-109 Howitzer • Ammo Operation Desert Fox (missile strikes on Iraq, 1998) Gulf War II (Iraqi Freedom) Iraq War (2003- ) Iraq War Portal (NY Times) US Situation in Iraq (lesson plan - PBS) "On Point" (US Army in Oprn Iraqi Freedom) Map: Iraq (1682-2004) Iraq War Chronology (Cordesman, pdf) Path of War (1999-2003) Why US Invaded Iraq (Jeff Record) Iraq & Bush Doctrine (Law of War) Real Goal in Iraq (Bookman, Sep 02) • Alt • Rebutal: Donald Kagan US Invasion Plan Years in Making Background on Iraq War Iraqi Freedom and American History (AEI, Dec 03) The Debate to War: WW II and Iraq Authorization to Use Force Against Iraq (Oct 02) Iraq War Project (Brookings Institution) • Iraq War Statistics Iraq Casualties (current) • More • Casualties: Vietnam v. 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(Sep 05) Winning the War on Terrorism (Cordesman, Sep 06 - pdf) 9/11 and the Successful War (Stratfor, Sep 11) War of Unintended Consequences • Reference Article: Grading War on Terrorism Afghanistan War Afghanistan War (Newsweek archives) Afghan War Background (Foreign Affairs articles) CIA Factbook: Afghanistan Afghanistan Maps Early History (Engles, 1857) Afghanistan Timeline (1919-1996) The Afghanistan Wars (Google books) Superpowers Defeated: Afghanistan & Vietnam Compared The 30-Year War in Afghanistan (Stratfor) Afghanistan (Soviet Experience) Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan (1979-89) • Documents • Alt Soviets in Afghanistan (AF Mag) • More • Hind Helicopter Ops in Afghanistan Soviet Lessons From Afghanistan • NATO Defense College paper • pdf • More • Christian Science Monitor • Mountain Warfare Lessons • More • Alt Lessons: Soviet-Afghan War (Cordesman) US Analysis of Soviet War in Afghanistan Zbigniew Brzezinski on Soviet-Afghan War Soviet Veteran on Afghanistan SAS Vet: Comments on Afghanistan Soviet Experience in Afghanistan Soviet Victory That Never Was (NY Times, Dec 09) Operation Cyclone (CIA suuport for mujahideen) • Rep. 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US Imperial Vision, circa 2000 US Military Intervention War Pretext Incidents, 1848-1989 Strategic Studies Institute (publications) Modern Strategy: Lessons Learned (Cordesman) Evolution - US Grand Strategy v. Terror Grand Strategy of American Empire (2002) Myths, Realities of US Empire The Empire in 2005 (prediction, Dec 04) • Alt Geopolitics of the U.S. (Geo Friedman, 2011) Pros, Cons of Foreign Bases (AF mag, Jun 09) Reprogramming the Pentagon (SecDef Gates, Dec 08) It's About Oil (UK, Jan 2003) Winning the Oil Endgame (e-book) Presidential Power in the War on Terror 21st c. Terrorism & War (Ga Tech) Iran Next Target? Knowing Why Not to Bomb Iran (van Creveld) Iran: To Strike or Not to Strike? Iran War Game (Atlantic, Dec 04) • Update (May 06) Eqypt & Idealism/Realism Debate China and the Commons: Angell or Mahan? • Norman Angell and The Great Illusion Intervention: US Post Cold War Strategy (e-book) Project for the New American Century PNAC (commentary) Primer on PNAC (May 2003) PNAC Watch Neocon Impact on US Iraq Policy The Smart Power Initiative (CSIS) New Approach to Strategy & Force Planning (Cordesman, Aug 2003) • More MOAB (Global Security) Anthony Cordesman (CSIS papers) When Democracy Failed (Germany 1933) Nuclear Revival Nuclear Weapon Issues (NY Times portal) • Arms Control & Limitation Nuclear Posture Review (NPR - 2001) US Nuclear Programs Rethinking Nuc Weapons US Plans for Nuc Weapons (2002) MiniNuc Revival (BBC, 2003) The Need for Deterrence (AF mag, Feb 07) • Defending the Deterrent (AF mag, Jun 09) America's Strategic Posture (report, May 09) Robust Nuclear Earth Penetrator FAS Report (illustrations) B61 Gravity Nuclear Bomb • Photo Bunker Buster to Go Nuclear (Nov 02) • Graphic Low-Yield Earth-Penetrating Nucs Global Strike Plan w/ Nuc Option (2005) • More • More Stability & Reconstruction Operations Major Theater War Phases Planning for Stabilty & Reconstlruction Ops Lessons From the Occupation of Germany Phase IV Ops: Where Wars Are Won (Crane, 05) • Alt Getting Serious About Stability (Dec 04) Planning Themes for Stabilty & Reconstlruction Ops On Point II: Transaition to New Campaign • Review (lessons learned: past wars & Iraq) Reconstructing Iraq (Crane & Terrill, SSI, Feb 2003) US Mil Ops in Iraq: Planning, Combat & Occupation (Nov 05) • pdf After Decisive Combat Ops: Then What? (pdf) Lack of a Post-Combat (Phase IV) Plan in Iraq Pre-war Planning for Post-war Iraq Urban Ops in the Information Age America's Post-WW II Role in Nation Building • Review Fourth Generation Warfare (internal) Effects-Based Operations (Deptula, pdf) Effects-Based Operations Cognitive / Command & Control Warfare (C2W) War at the Millennium Reflections on the Future of War (van Creveld) War Is Going Out of Style (NY Times, Dec 11) Patterns of War Since the 18th Century (e-book) New American Way of War (Jeff Record, 2002) The New American Way of War (Max Boot, 2003)) Top 100 Rules: New American Way of War • Original (US Naval Institute - registration req'd) • pdf (Transformation Trends newsletter, 13 Jan 03) American Way of War circa Apr '03 (National Review) American Way of War (AWC bibliography) American Way of War: Strategy, Ops, Tactics American Way of War (audio) The American Way of War (Barnett, Jan 03) Conversations With History (Barnett, Mar 05) The Pentagon's New Map (Barnett, 2003) • Details • Briefing (video, 2007) • Detailed Briefing (1 of 13, 2007) • Detailed Briefing (1 of 3, 2006) Blueprint for Action • Preface Winning Wars (2005) The New American Militarism (Google book) William S. Lind Archive • More US Spoiling Attack (Stratfor, George Friedman) Gulf War & Afghanistan: New American Way of War (Atlantic, 2002) Urban Operations (Army FM 3-06, 2003) Threat Categories: Traditional v. Irregular (Army, Mar 06) The Home Front & War in the 20th Century Managing Complex Contingency Ops (PDD 56, 1997) • Abstract Iran War Game (Atlantic, Dec 04) • Update (May 06) North Korea: The War Game (Atlantic, Aug 05) Military Power of China (PRC) (DoD) "Natural Security:" Wars Over Resources America in the 21st Century The Next 100 Years (George Friedman) • "Introduction to the American Age" The Next Decade (George Friedman, 2011) • Alt George Friedman on Geopolitics (portal) Superpower No More? (AF Mag, Jul 11) Grand Strategy of American Empire (2002) Myths, Realities of US Empire The Empire in 2005 (prediction, Dec 04) Intervention Should Not Be US Policy (SSQ) Renaissance of Powell Docrtrine? (SSQ) Cyberwar Cyberwar (NY Times) Strategy Resources US Army Strategic Studies Institute Center for Strategic & International Studies (CISS) The American Enterprise Institute International Geopolitics Stratfor International Geopolitical Monographs • Geopolitics of Iran (Jul 08) The Real World Order (Stratfor, Aug 08) • PDF (from www.stratfor.com)

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(pdf) What If the British Hadn't Bombed Hamburg? (pdf) What If July 20 Bomb Plot Had Succeeded? (pdf) What If the Marines Had Bypassed Iwo Jima? (pdf) What If Hitler Had Won World War II? (pdf)	Lesson Plans Social Studies Help Center Teaching With Historic Places (NPS) US History: Outlines & Charts (Feldmeth) Online Lesson Plans (schoolhistory.co.uk) • Interactive History Games • GCSE • A-level US History to 1877 (Livingston: good mil info) • Since 1877 National Endowment for the Humanities • All Lesson Plans Nationl Security Strategy (UCSD) • Lectures • Readings US Mil History (1607-1914, Grimsley, OSU) • Studies in American Millitary History • World War II US Mil History Since 1898 (Livingston) Sea Power History (NROTC, ppt) War, Peace & Strategy • The Grammar of War • Crisis Management & Coercion • Concepts of On War, Def v. 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(Mount Holyoke) Study & Use of Military History (pdf) Western Way of War (Princeton) Dialogue in Military History (Grimsley, OSU) • Why Military History Matters (pdf) US Military History, 1607-1914 (Grimsley, OSU) College History Departments History Channel Lesson Outlines Teaching History on the Web (resources) War & Rev in Western World (notes) • Images Evolution of War (NROTC, syllabus) Evolution of Warfare (U Ariz NROTC, ppt - 1 of 25) Fasttrack to America's Past Military History and the Military Profession Joe Guilmartin • More • Courses (1997, cached) • Battle of Britain • WW II Syllabus • Workbook • Harnessing Science to War WarHistorian (Mark Grimsley) • Sample Syllabi Steve Schoenherr • US History • World War I Timeline • Ten Steps to War, 1931 to 1941 • More • World War II Timeline • Allied Conferences of WW II John Setear (Univ Va) • Bookmarks • How We Get Into Wars Military History Survey Courses Modern Military History (Clemson) American Mil History (Tn Tech-extensive) American Mil History (Columbia College) US Mil History (Army C&GSC) • Handouts US Mil History Since 1898 (Livingston) US Military History (Florida A&M) Sage History (Resources, N Va CC) Era of American Revolution (N Va CC) The Civil War (online course) Civil War & Reconstruction (N Va CC) American History, 1865-1976 (N Va CC) • WW I • WW II • Cold War Technology in Civil War (lesson plan) Comments on Militarism War, Technology & Society (Wesleyan) War & American Society (MIT) Fr Revolution & Napoleonic Era (MIT) 20th C. 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History (CliffsNotes) "We Didn't Start the Fire" (1950-1999 - video) Democrary in America (Alexis DeTocqueville) • TOC History of the USA (e-book, 1904) America in Quotations (Google book; WW I p. 175) iChapters (history text previews) The Enduring Vison (lecture slides) • Instructor Notes • Student Resources The American Promise • Chapter Summaries • Maps • Supplements US History: Beginnings to 1914 (HRW) US History: Civil War to the Present (HRW) US History Maps (Fast Track Teaching) Online Map Creation Industrial Revolution (timeline) • Other events Industrial Revolution (superportal) • Teacheroz • History Guide • HistoryWiz • Two Views of the Industrial Revolution • Alt • Modern History Sourcebook • Industrial Revolution Statistics History of Engineering & Technology (Calvert) Syllabi for European History Early Modern European History Modern European Intellectual History Twentieth Century European History American History Syllabi Online American History (textbook) Household Encyclopedia of General Info (1881) Dr. James B. 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	Video & Audio America in the 20th Century (great intro, 1:58) War & War-Era Movies War Films & TV specials (by era) Twentieth Century Battlefields (series) SonicBomb.com (WW II video) • Military video Military Channel Top 10's (videos) Real Military Video World War I on film World War II on film The Authentic History Center (extensive audio & visual, all periods) • WW I • WW II • '46-'60 • '61-'73 Vintage Media (early 20th C) Modern History Sourcebook (multimedia) Video CDs, '40's & '50's American Rhetoric (speeches-audio) • Top 100 Speeches • By Decade "Moment in Time" Audio Clips (eHistory) WW II Movies Patriotic Melodies (LOC) Popular Songs in American History • Songs of the Sea Hits of the Blitz (audio: Jill Daniel) • More Lilli Marlene (words: English, German) • Story • Audio (Jill Daniels) Traditional Songs (audio) National Anthems • Sheet Music British Patriotic Songs • Land of Hope & Glory • Rule Britannia • Hearts of Oak WW II Sound Effects Images Real War Photos War Images (small) War in Western World (crs images) Defense Visual Info Ctr (weapon pictures) Powerful Images of Extraordinary Moments Ordnance Images Military & Historical Image Bank Military Vehicle Models • Profile Art Military Equipment Photos Military Art Portal • Another Maritime Art • More • More • More • National Maritime Museum (Greenwich, UK) • Thomas Freeman • More Freeman • Tallships • Modern Warships • Aircraft Carriers US Air Force Art Collection Aviation Art • Aviation Photos History Images • WW II Soviet Photography (WW II) US Army Art Collection (CMH) • More • US Army in Action series • US Soldiers (uniform artwork) US Military History Art • Colonial & Am Rev • Civil War Art • More • Don Stivers (Civil War, Buffalo Soldiers) • Don Troiani (Civil War, Am Rev) • More USMC Art Scanned Images From Old Books Punch Political Cartoons (history) Military Figures • More (WW II) Aircraft & Equipment Models Clipart (history & military) Saturday Evening Post Covers • Categories • Norman Rockwell • Patriotic • WW II Life Magazine Covers Newspaper Front Pages Operations Research THe Simulation-Reality Mismatch (AF Mag) The Question of What to Target (AF Mag)	Wargaming & Simulation Software Wargaming (Wikipedia) History & Future of Wargaming (A&SPJ) • pdf • Update Principles of Game Design (UC Irvine) • What is a Wargame? • Articles Modeling, Simulation & Wargaming (AU) Wargames, Simulations, & Exercises (AWC gateway) Wargaming at USAF SOC USMC Wargaming Center Acquisition Warrior 1999 (pdf) The Wargamer Wargames Journal Wargaming Awards (history of gaming) Strategy & Tactics Magazine (index) SPI Compendium HexWar.com (SPI game demos) • User's Guides Decision Games (vender) Vintage Game Store Farewell to Hexes Battleground Series (cached) Wargaming in Military Training (Today's Officer, Sum 05) Use of Games in Education (portal) Strategic Simulations (Australian) Games Get Serious (Atomic Scientists - JulAug 06) War, Games & Military History Wargame Maps Alan Emrich Homepage (game design portal) • Principles of Game Design (course) • Course Bibliography • "Strategy" vs. "Tactics" in Game Design Computer-Modulated Wargame Rules • Napoleonic-era Wargame Rules Wargame Rules & Tools • More • Combat Effectiveness Comparisons (multi-era) Simple Board Games (20th c; downloadable) • 19th c • Battle of Britain Game • Battle of the Atlantic Battle of Britain • More (cached) The Calm & The Storm (article on game) • Homepage ; • Features • FAQs • Guides • Materials • Instructional Tools • Demo Info • Download (.exe file -- PC ONLY!) Blitz Simulator (Rice Univ) Great Captains (linear warfare rules) Battle of Fontenoy (1745, Game OB & Map) Age of Musket Game Rules Napoleonic Era Miniature Rules • More • Tactiques Napoléon • Peninsular War Rules Napoleon In Russia (game guide) Napoleon at Waterloo (Emrich: board game) • Intro to Wargaming & How to Play NAW • Historical Note on Battle Napoleon at Waterloo (electronic game) Waterloo Interactive Game (BBC) Western Front Animation (1914-1918) Trench Warfare (WW I) Blitz Simulator (Rice Univ) Battle of Britain • Another Battle of the Atlantic (convoy defense) • More • Find U-505 (offensive tactics) Pegasus Bridge (download game) • Another • Fort Eben-Emael (1940) Making History (WW II strategy) WW II Game Downloads (free) The Operational Art of War (WW II & later) Global Conflict (online game) Cold War Games (CNN) Game Downloads (free) Steel Panther (free) LZ X-ray (Ia Drang Valley game) War Over Vietnam (game) Pocket War (PC game) America's Army (US Army game) • Download • Wikipedia Notes • Demos & Patches Global Agenda (MIT simulation) Gaming Nuclear War in '50s & '60s Iran War Game (Atlantic, Dec 04) • Update (May 06) North Korea: War Game (Atlantic, Aug 05) • Alt Economic War Game (2009)

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